TensorFlow零基础学习笔记——常用函数整理

tf.reshape(tensor, shape, name=None)

Reshapes a tensor.

Given tensor, this operation returns a tensor that has the same values as tensor with shape shape.

The number of elements implied by shape must be the same as the number of elements in tensor.

Args:

• tensor: A Tensor.
• shape: A Tensor of type int32. Defines the shape of the output tensor.
• name: A name for the operation (optional).

Returns:

A Tensor. Has the same type as tensor.

For example:

# tensor 't' is [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
# tensor 't' has shape [9]
reshape(t, [3, 3]) ==> [[1, 2, 3]
                        [4, 5, 6]
                        [7, 8, 9]]

# tensor 't' is [[[1, 1], [2, 2]]
#                [[3, 3], [4, 4]]]
# tensor 't' has shape [2, 2]
reshape(t, [2, 4]) ==> [[1, 1, 2, 2]
                        [3, 3, 4, 4]]

# tensor 't' is [[[1, 1, 1],
#                 [2, 2, 2]],
#                [[3, 3, 3],
#                 [4, 4, 4]],
#                [[5, 5, 5],
#                 [6, 6, 6]]]
# tensor 't' has shape [3, 2, 3]
# pass '[-1]' to flatten 't'
reshape(t, [-1]) ==> [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6]

---

tf.nn

tf.nn.conv2d(input, filter, strides, padding, use_cudnn_on_gpu=None, name=None)

Computes a 2-D convolution given 4-D input and filter tensors.

Given an input tensor of shape [batch, in_height, in_width, in_channels] and a filter / kernel tensor of shape [filter_height, filter_width, in_channels, out_channels], this op performs the following:

1. Flattens the filter to a 2-D matrix with shape [filter_height * filter_width * in_channels, output_channels].
2. Extracts image patches from the the input tensor to form a virtual tensor of shape [batch, out_height, out_width, filter_height * filter_width * in_channels].
3. For each patch, right-multiplies the filter matrix and the image patch vector.

In detail,

output[b, i, j, k] =
    sum_{di, dj, q} input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj, q] *
                    filter[di, dj, q, k]

Must have strides[0] = strides[3] = 1. For the most common case of the same horizontal and vertices strides, strides = [1, stride, stride, 1].

Args:

• input: A Tensor. Must be one of the following types: float32, float64.
• filter: A Tensor. Must have the same type as input.
• strides: A list of ints. 1-D of length 4. The stride of the sliding window for each dimension of input.（注：一维长度为4的数组，但实际上只有H,W对应位置才有效，其它两个位置填1）
• padding: A string from: “SAME”, “VALID”. The type of padding algorithm to use.
• use_cudnn_on_gpu: An optional bool. Defaults to True.
• name: A name for the operation (optional).

Returns:

A Tensor. Has the same type as input.

---

tf.nn.relu(features, name=None)

Computes rectified linear: max(features, 0).

Args:

• features: A Tensor. Must be one of the following types: float32, float64, int32, int64, uint8, int16, int8.
• name: A name for the operation (optional).

Returns:

A Tensor. Has the same type as features.

---

tf.nn.max_pool(value, ksize, strides, padding, name=None)

Performs the max pooling on the input.

Args:

• value: A 4-D Tensor with shape [batch, height, width, channels] and type float32, float64, qint8, quint8, qint32.
• ksize: A list of ints that has length >= 4. The size of the window for each dimension of the input tensor.
• strides: A list of ints that has length >= 4. The stride of the sliding window for each dimension of the input tensor.
• padding: A string, either 'VALID' or 'SAME'. The padding algorithm.
• name: Optional name for the operation.

Returns:

A Tensor with the same type as value. The max pooled output tensor.

---

tf.nn，tf.layers， tf.contrib模块

下面是对三个模块的简述：

tf.nn ：提供神经网络相关操作的支持，包括卷积操作（conv）、池化操作（pooling）、归一化、loss、分类操作、embedding、RNN、Evaluation。
tf.layers：主要提供的高层的神经网络，主要和卷积相关的，tf.nn会更底层一些。
tf.contrib：tf.contrib.layers提供够将计算图中的 网络层、正则化、摘要操作、是构建计算图的高级操作，但是tf.contrib包含不稳定和实验代码，有可能以后API会改变。

TensorFlow官方文档
TensorFlow官方手册