学习threejs，添加平行光源

gis分享者

已于 2024-10-09 11:20:49 修改

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分类专栏： threejs gis工程师文章标签： threejs 平行光

于 2024-09-29 11:01:38 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_28419035/article/details/142630697

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一、🍀前言

本文详细介绍如何基于threejs在三维场景中添加平行光源，亲测可用。希望能帮助到您。一起学习，加油！加油！

二、🍀添加平行光源

1. ☘️实现思路

1、初始化renderer渲染器
2、初始化Scene三维场景
3、初始化camera相机，定义相机位置 camera.position.set，设置相机方向camera.lookAt
4、初始化THREE.AmbientLight环境光，scene场景加入环境光，初始化THREE.DirectionalLight平行光源，设置平行光源位置，设置设置投掷阴影为true，scene添加平行光源
5、初始化gui工具，定义控制灯光和立方体模型位置的函数
6、加载几何模型：创建BoxGeometry立方体、PlaneGeometry地面几何体以及AxisHelper辅助工具坐标系，Scene场景加入以上几何体和工具。
7、加入controls控制，加入stats监控器，监控帧数信息

2. ☘️代码样例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>leanr14(平行光)</title>
    <script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/build/three.js"></script>
    <script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/controls/OrbitControls.js"></script>
    <script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/libs/stats.min.js"></script>
    <script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/libs/dat.gui.min.js"></script>
</head>
<style>
    body {
        margin: 0;
    }

    canvas {
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        display: block;
    }
</style>
<body onload="draw()">
</body>
<script>
  var renderer
  var initRender = () => {
    renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true})
    renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true
    renderer.shadowMap.type = THREE.PCFSoftShadowMap
    renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)
    document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement)
  }
  var scene
  var initScene = () => {
    scene = new THREE.Scene()
  }
  var camera
  var initCamera = () => {
    camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 0.1, 1000)
    camera.position.set(0, 40, 100)
    camera.lookAt(new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0))
  }
  var stats
  var initStats = () => {
    stats = new Stats()
    document.body.appendChild(stats.dom)
  }
  var ambientLight, directionalLight
  var initLight = () => {
    ambientLight = new THREE.AmbientLight('#111111')
    scene.add(ambientLight)

    directionalLight = new THREE.DirectionalLight('#ffffff')
    directionalLight.position.set(-40, 60, -10)
    directionalLight.shadow.camera.near = 20 // 产生阴影的最近距离
    directionalLight.shadow.camera.far = 200 // 产生阴影的最远距离
    directionalLight.shadow.camera.left = -50 // 产生阴影距离位置的最左边位置
    directionalLight.shadow.camera.right = 50
    directionalLight.shadow.camera.top = 50
    directionalLight.shadow.camera.bottom = -50

    // 这两个值决定使用多少像素生成阴影 默认512
    directionalLight.shadow.mapSize.height = 1024
    directionalLight.shadow.mapSize.width = 1024

    directionalLight.castShadow = true

    scene.add(directionalLight)
  }

  var gui
  var initGui = () => {
    gui = {
      ambientLight: "#111111", //环境光源
      directionalLight: "#ffffff", //点光源
      intensity: 1, //灯光强度
      visible: true, //是否可见
      castShadow: true,
      exponent: 30,
      target: "plane",
      debug: false
    }
    var datGui = new dat.GUI()
    datGui.addColor(gui, 'ambientLight').onChange(e => {
      ambientLight.color = new THREE.Color(e)
    })
    datGui.addColor(gui, 'directionalLight').onChange(e => {
      directionalLight.color = new THREE.Color(e)
    })
    datGui.add(gui, 'intensity', 0, 5).onChange(e => {
      directionalLight.intensity = e
    })
    datGui.add(gui, 'visible').onChange(e => {
      directionalLight.visible = e
    })
    datGui.add(gui, 'castShadow').onChange(e => {
      directionalLight.castShadow = e
    })
    datGui.add(gui, 'debug').onChange(e => {
      if (e) {
        var debug = new THREE.CameraHelper(directionalLight.shadow.camera)
        debug.name = 'debug'
        scene.add(debug)
      } else {
        var debug = scene.getObjectByName('debug')
        scene.remove(debug)
      }
    })
  }
  var cube, plane
  var initModel = () => {
    var helper = new THREE.AxisHelper(10)
    scene.add(helper)

    var cubeGeometry = new THREE.BoxGeometry(10, 10, 10)
    var cubeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color: 0x00ffff})
    cube = new THREE.Mesh(cubeGeometry, cubeMaterial)
    cube.position.set(30, 5, -5)

    cube.castShadow = true
    scene.add(cube)

    var planeGeometry = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(100, 100)
    var planeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color: 0xaaaaaa})
    plane = new THREE.Mesh(planeGeometry, planeMaterial)
    plane.rotation.x = -0.5 * Math.PI
    plane.position.y = -0

    plane.receiveShadow = true
    scene.add(plane)
  }
  var render = () => {
    renderer.render(scene, camera)
  }
  var controls
  var initControls = () => {
    controls = new THREE.OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)
    controls.enableDamping = true
  }
  var onWindowResize = () => {
    camera.aspect = window.innerWidth/window.innerHeight
    camera.updateProjectionMatrix()
    render()
    renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)
  }
  var animate = () => {
    render()
    controls.update()
    stats.update()
    requestAnimationFrame(animate)
  }
  var draw = () => {
    initGui()
    initRender()
    initScene()
    initCamera()
    initLight()
    initModel()
    initControls()
    initStats()

    animate()
    window.onresize = onWindowResize
  }
</script>
</html>