WebRTC ：NetEQ几种数据缓冲区的代码实现

      WebRTC音频引擎NetEQ在处理音频数据时，主要用到了4块内存区域用于暂存处理过程中间的临时数据，分别是抖动缓冲区，解码缓冲区，DSP算法缓冲区和语音缓冲区。

      抖动缓冲区用于暂存网络中到来的未解码的音频数据包，然后这些数据包会通过解码器解码成为pcm原始音频数据，这些pcm数据存放的位置就是解码缓冲区，在需要经过音频信号处理的情况下，NetEQ会将解码缓冲区中的数据进行拉伸、压缩或者是平滑处理，将处理结果放到算法缓冲区中，最后算法缓冲区中的数据会被塞到语音缓冲区中，声卡每隔10ms会从语音缓冲区中提取长度为10ms的语音数据拿去播放。接下来对这几种缓冲区的实现源码做分别的介绍。

抖动缓冲区

// A list of packets.
typedef std::list<Packet> PacketList;

// This is the actual buffer holding the packets before decoding.
class PacketBuffer {
public:
    enum BufferReturnCodes {
        kOK = 0,
        kFlushed,
        kNotFound,
        kBufferEmpty,
        kInvalidPacket,
        kInvalidPointer
      };

    // Constructor creates a buffer which can hold a maximum of
    // |max_number_of_packets| packets.
    PacketBuffer(size_t max_number_of_packets, const TickTimer* tick_timer);

    // Deletes all packets in the buffer before destroying the buffer.
    virtual ~PacketBuffer();

    // Flushes the buffer and deletes all packets in it.
    virtual void Flush();

    // Returns true for an empty buffer.
    virtual bool Empty() const;

    // Inserts |packet| into the buffer. The buffer will take over ownership of
    // the packet object.
    // Returns PacketBuffer::kOK on success, PacketBuffer::kFlushed if the buffer
    // was flushed due to overfilling.
    virtual int InsertPacket(Packet&& packet, StatisticsCalculator* stats);

    // Inserts a list of packets into the buffer. The buffer will take over
    // ownership of the packet objects.
    // Returns PacketBuffer::kOK if all packets were inserted successfully.
    // If the buffer was flushed due to overfilling, only a subset of the list is
    // inserted, and PacketBuffer::kFlushed is returned.
    // The last three parameters are included for legacy compatibility.
    // TODO(hlundin): Redesign to not use current_*_payload_type and
    // decoder_database.
    virtual int InsertPacketList(
        PacketList* packet_list,
        const DecoderDatabase& decoder_database,
        rtc::Optional<uint8_t>* current_rtp_payload_type,
        rtc::Optional<uint8_t>* current_cng_rtp_payload_type,
        StatisticsCalculator* stats);

    // Gets the timestamp for the first packet in the buffer and writes it to the
    // output variable |next_timestamp|.
    // Returns PacketBuffer::kBufferEmpty if the buffer is empty,
    // PacketBuffer::kOK otherwise.
    virtual int NextTimestamp(uint32_t* next_timestamp) const;

    // Gets the timestamp for the first packet in the buffer with a timestamp no
    // lower than the input limit |timestamp|. The result is written to the output
    // variable |next_timestamp|.
    // Returns PacketBuffer::kBufferEmpty if the buffer is empty,
    // PacketBuffer::kOK otherwise.
    virtual int NextHigherTimestamp(uint32_t timestamp,
                                    uint32_t* next_timestamp) const;

    // Returns a (constant) pointer to the first packet in the buffer. Returns
    // NULL if the buffer is empty.
    virtual const Packet* PeekNextPacket() const;

    // Extracts the first packet in the buffer and returns it.
    // Returns an empty optional if the buffer is empty.
    virtual rtc::Optional<Packet> GetNextPacket();

    // Discards the first packet in the buffer. The packet is deleted.
    // Returns PacketBuffer::kBufferEmpty if the buffer is empty,
    // PacketBuffer::kOK otherwise.
    virtual int DiscardNextPacket(StatisticsCalculator* stats);

    // Discards all packets that are (strictly) older than timestamp_limit,
    // but newer than timestamp_limit - horizon_samples. Setting horizon_samples
    // to zero implies that the horizon is set to half the timestamp range. That
    // is, if a packet is more than 2^31 timestamps into the future compared with
    // timestamp_limit (including wrap-around), it is considered old.
    virtual void DiscardOldPackets(uint32_t timestamp_limit,
                                   uint32_t horizon_samples,
                                   StatisticsCalculator* stats);

    // Discards all packets that are (strictly) older than timestamp_limit.
    virtual void DiscardAllOldPackets(uint32_t timestamp_limit,
                                    StatisticsCalculator* stats);

    // Removes all packets with a specific payload type from the buffer.
    virtual void DiscardPacketsWithPay