CentOS 7 安装并配置Python3环境

CentOS 7 安装并配置Python3环境

1. 安装相关包

[root@cnetos7 ~]#  yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make 

2.下载Python3源码包

[root@cnetos7 software]# wget https://cdn.npm.taobao.org/dist/python/3.9.1/Python-3.9.1.tgz

# 如果提示wget未找到命令, 那么就先使用yum安装wget
[root@cnetos7 software]# yum -y install wget

3. 编译Python3源码包

[root@cnetos7 software]#  tar -xzf Python-3.9.1.tgz
#进入解压后的目录，依次执行下面命令进行手动编译
[root@cnetos7 software]#  cd Python-3.9.1
[root@cnetos7 Python-3.9.1]#  ./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3
[root@cnetos7 Python-3.9.1]#   make && make install

# 如果出现can't decompress data; zlib not available这个错误，则需要安装相关库
#安装依赖zlib、zlib-devel
[root@cnetos7 ~]# yum install zlib zlib
[root@cnetos7 ~]# yum install zlib zlib-devel

4. 添加软链接

#将原来的链接备份
[root@cnetos7 ~]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak
 
#添加python3的软链接
[root@cnetos7 ~]#  ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python

#删除默认pip软连接，并添加pip3新的软连接
[root@cnetos7 ~]# rm -rf /usr/bin/pip

#添加 pip3 的软链接 
[root@cnetos7 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip

#测试是否安装成功了

[root@cnetos7 ~]# python -V

5. 启动python3

[root@cnetos7 ~]# python
Python 3.9.1 (default, Feb  2 2021, 18:01:12) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>