4.1.1 选择结构-if语句
语法:
if ([逻辑表达式])
{
[条件成立时执行的语句]
}
else
{
[条件成立时执行的语句]
}
单层if
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int wid, hei;
cout << "请输入矩形的宽:";
cin >> wid;
cout << "请输入矩形的高:";
cin >> hei;
if (wid == hei)
{
cout << "该矩形是正方形" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "该矩形不是正方形" << endl;
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
该例通过判断宽高是否相等来判断矩形是否为正方形。运行结果:
嵌套if
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int wid, hei;
cout << "请输入矩形的宽:";
cin >> wid;
cout << "请输入矩形的高:";
cin >> hei;
if (wid == hei)
{
cout << "该矩形是正方形" << endl;
}
else
{
if (wid >= hei)
{
cout << "该矩形的宽大于等于高" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "该矩形的宽小于高" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行结果:
上面的代码也可以写成下面这样,没有什么区别:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int wid, hei;
cout << "请输入矩形的宽:";
cin >> wid;
cout << "请输入矩形的高:";
cin >> hei;
if (wid == hei)
{
cout << "该矩形是正方形" << endl;
}
else if (wid >= hei)
{
cout << "该矩形的宽大于等于高" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "该矩形的宽小于高" << endl;
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
if语句以后会经常用到,要熟练掌握!