这个文件里写着一些命令来改变环境中的变量。
更改完之后需要重启shell来激活更改。
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# ~/.bashrc: 被未登录到shells通过bash使用。(就是预先设定的环境变量)
# 查看 /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (在包bash-doc中)(但是找不到这个文档)
# for examples
# 例如(虽然是例如,但是以下命令代码都是正在运行中的,修改之后需要重新启动shell来激活)
# If not running interactively, don't do anything
# 如果没有互动地运行,不做任何事(如果不输入命令,不进行任何操作)
case $- in
*i*) ;;
*) return;;
esac
# don't put duplicate lines or lines starting with space in the history.
# See bash(1) for more options
# 不把复制的行或以空格开头的行放入历史记录
# 查看bash(1)获取更多信息
HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
# append to the history file, don't overwrite it
# 添加历史记录文件,不覆盖原来的历史记录文件。
shopt -s histappend
# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
# 用于设定历史记录的长度。详情请见bash(1)中的HISTSIZE和HISTFILESIZE
HISTSIZE=1000 HISTFILESIZE=2000
# check the window size after each command and, if necessary, update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.
# 在每次命令之后检查窗口尺寸,并且如果有必要的话,更新LINES(行)和COLUMNS(列)的值。
shopt -s checkwinsize
# If set, the pattern "**" used in a pathname expansion context will
# match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
# 如果设置了,路径名扩展内容中的"**"样式将匹配所有文件和零或更多目录和子目录。
# shopt -s globstar
# make less more friendly for non-text input files, see lesspipe(1)
# 使非文本输入文件更加不友好,请见lesspipe(1)
[ -x /usr/bin/lesspipe ] && eval "$(SHELL=/bin/sh lesspipe)"
# set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)
# 设置变量,声明你工作的chroot(被使用在标识符下面)
if [ -z "${debian_chroot:-}" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then
debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)
fi
# set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we "want" color)
# 设置一个多彩的标识符(没有颜色,除非我们知道我们“想要的”颜色)
case "$TERM" in
xterm-color|*-256color) color_prompt=yes;;
esac
# uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability;
# turned off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a
# terminal window should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt
# 如果终端有能力,取消一个颜色的注释;(就是取消下面这行命令的注释,将其“激活”)
# 默认关闭,以防其转移用户注意力:聚焦应该在一个命令输出终端窗口,而不是标识符上
#force_color_prompt=yes
if [ -n "$force_color_prompt" ]; then
if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then
# We have color support; assume it's compliant with Ecma-48
# (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and
# such a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)
# 我们有颜色支持;假设它符合Ecma-48(ISO/IEC-6429)。(缺少这种支持是极其罕见的,并且这样一个case倾向于支持
# setf,超过setaf。)
color_prompt=yes
else
color_prompt=
fi
fi
if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then
PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
else
PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '
fi
unset color_prompt force_color_prompt
# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir
# 如果这个一个xterm,给user@host:dir设置标题
case "$TERM" in
xterm*|rxvt*)
PS1="\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h: \w\a\]$PS1"
;;
*)
;;
esac
# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
# 激活ls的颜色支持,并且添加好用的同义名
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dircolors -b)"
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
#alias dir='dir --color=auto'
#alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
fi
# colored GCC warnings and errors
# 有颜色的GCC警告和错误(需要的话取消注释)
# export GCC_COLORS='error=01;31:warning=01;35:note=01;36:caret=01;32:locus=01:quote=01'
# some more ls aliases
# 更多的一些ls的同义名
alias ll='ls -alF'
alias la='ls -A'
alias l='ls -CF'
# Add an "alert" alias for long running commands. Use like so:
# 添加一个"alert"同义名给长运行命令。使用像这样:
# sleep 10; alert
alias alert='notify-send --urgency=low -i "$([ $? = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)" "$(history|tail -n1|sed -e '\''s/^\s*[0-9]\+\s*//;s/[;&|]\s*alert$//'\'')"'
# Alias definitions. You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like
# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.
# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.
# 同义名定义。你可能想把所有你添加的同义名放到一个单独的文件,像 ~/.bash_aliases,而不是直接全添加在这儿。
# 查看bash-doc包中的/usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples
if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
. ~/.bash_aliases
fi
# enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable
# this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile
# sources /etc/bash.bashrc).
# 激活程序控制完成特性(如果在/etc/bash.bashrc和/etc/profile
# sources /etc/bash.bashrc已经被激活的话,你就不需要激活这个)
if ! shopt -oq posix; then
if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
. /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then
. /etc/bash_completion
fi
fi
# Change umask to make directory sharing easier
# 改变umask(权限掩码)来让目录分享更容易。(便于修改文件或目录权限)
umask 0002
# Ignore duplicates in command history and increase history size to 1000 lines
# 在命令历史记录中忽略复制的命令,并且增加历史记录尺寸到1000行
export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
export HISTSIZE=1000
# Add some helpful aliases
# 添加一些有用的同义名
alias l.='ls -d .* --color=auto' alias ll='ls -l --color=auto'
# expend the PATH argument
# 扩展PATH变量
export PATH=~/bin:"$PATH"