VS：在命令行中使用cl.exe编译运行opencv

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1. 背景

  电脑中已安装VS，并配置好OpenCV。但VS真的太大，打开运行都很费时间，而且每次新建一个简单opencv程序便需要在VS中新建项目，嫌麻烦。故希望直接在命令行输入cl.exe的命令即可编译运行OpenCV程序。

2. OpenCV环境配置

//在 Path 中，添加 bin 目录
D:\opencv3410\bulid_vs2019_x86\x86\vc16\bin;
//新建 INCLUDE 并添加包含目录
D:\opencv3410\bulid_vs2019_x86\include;
//新建 LIB 并添加库目录
D:\opencv3410\bulid_vs2019_x86\x86\vc16\lib;

3. 编译运行

3.1 搭建VS编程环境

  点击电脑开始按钮，根据个人电脑搜索X86 Native或X64 Native，选择打开x86 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2019或者x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2019。此时，电脑会自动搭建VS编程环境。

注意：x86 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2019不同于cmd，它类似于搭建了VS编程环境的cmd。

3.2 确定链接文件

  不同的OpenCV版本和编译方式会使生成的lib文件不一样。有的lib文件有两个版本，不带d结尾表示Release版本，带d结尾代表Debug版本；有的lib文件只有一个版本，即不带d结尾，表示Release和Debug版本共用。

Debug版本：

opencv_aruco3410d.lib
opencv_bgsegm3410d.lib
opencv_bioinspired3410d.lib
opencv_calib3d3410d.lib
opencv_ccalib3410d.lib
opencv_core3410d.lib
opencv_datasets3410d.lib
opencv_dnn3410d.lib
opencv_dnn_objdetect3410d.lib
opencv_dpm3410d.lib
opencv_face3410d.lib
opencv_features2d3410d.lib
opencv_flann3410d.lib
opencv_fuzzy3410d.lib
opencv_hfs3410d.lib
opencv_highgui3410d.lib
opencv_imgcodecs3410d.lib
opencv_imgproc3410d.lib
opencv_img_hash3410d.lib
opencv_line_descriptor3410d.lib
opencv_ml3410d.lib
opencv_objdetect3410d.lib
opencv_optflow3410d.lib
opencv_phase_unwrapping3410d.lib
opencv_photo3410d.lib
opencv_plot3410d.lib
opencv_reg3410d.lib
opencv_rgbd3410d.lib
opencv_saliency3410d.lib
opencv_shape3410d.lib
opencv_stereo3410d.lib
opencv_stitching3410d.lib
opencv_structured_light3410d.lib
opencv_superres3410d.lib
opencv_surface_matching3410d.lib
opencv_text3410d.lib
opencv_tracking3410d.lib
opencv_video3410d.lib
opencv_videoio3410d.lib
opencv_videostab3410d.lib
opencv_xfeatures2d3410d.lib
opencv_ximgproc3410d.lib
opencv_xobjdetect3410d.lib
opencv_xphoto3410d.lib

Release版本：

opencv_aruco3410.lib 
opencv_bgsegm3410.lib 
opencv_bioinspired3410.lib 
opencv_calib3d3410.lib 
opencv_ccalib3410.lib 
opencv_core3410.lib 
opencv_datasets3410.lib 
opencv_dnn3410.lib 
opencv_dnn_objdetect3410.lib 
opencv_dpm3410.lib 
opencv_face3410.lib 
opencv_features2d3410.lib 
opencv_flann3410.lib 
opencv_fuzzy3410.lib 
opencv_hfs3410.lib 
opencv_highgui3410.lib 
opencv_imgcodecs3410.lib 
opencv_imgproc3410.lib 
opencv_img_hash3410.lib 
opencv_line_descriptor3410.lib 
opencv_ml3410.lib 
opencv_objdetect3410.lib 
opencv_optflow3410.lib 
opencv_phase_unwrapping3410.lib 
opencv_photo3410.lib 
opencv_plot3410.lib 
opencv_reg3410.lib 
opencv_rgbd3410.lib 
opencv_saliency3410.lib 
opencv_shape3410.lib 
opencv_stereo3410.lib 
opencv_stitching3410.lib 
opencv_structured_light3410.lib 
opencv_superres3410.lib 
opencv_surface_matching3410.lib 
opencv_text3410.lib 
opencv_tracking3410.lib 
opencv_video3410.lib 
opencv_videoio3410.lib 
opencv_videostab3410.lib 
opencv_xfeatures2d3410.lib 
opencv_ximgproc3410.lib 
opencv_xobjdetect3410.lib 
opencv_xphoto3410.lib 

3.3 编译运行

  编译时必须添加执行OpenCV的所需的库文件。一般来说，使用lib文件的Release版本。若是使用Debug版本，则需编译命令后添加/MTd。

// OpenCV程序
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
using namespace cv;
int main()
{
    Mat img = imread("1.png");
    cv::imshow("image", img);
    cv::waitKey();
    return 0;
}

// 跳转到OpenCV程序所在的文件夹
E: && cd E:\VSCode\git\vscode\opencv_cl
// Release版本编译命令
cl 1.cpp opencv_aruco3410.lib opencv_bgsegm3410.lib opencv_bioinspired3410.lib opencv_calib3d3410.lib opencv_ccalib3410.lib opencv_core3410.lib opencv_datasets3410.lib opencv_dnn3410.lib opencv_dnn_objdetect3410.lib opencv_dpm3410.lib opencv_face3410.lib opencv_features2d3410.lib opencv_flann3410.lib opencv_fuzzy3410.lib opencv_hfs3410.lib opencv_highgui3410.lib opencv_imgcodecs3410.lib opencv_imgproc3410.lib opencv_img_hash3410.lib opencv_line_descriptor3410.lib opencv_ml3410.lib opencv_objdetect3410.lib opencv_optflow3410.lib opencv_phase_unwrapping3410.lib opencv_photo3410.lib opencv_plot3410.lib opencv_reg3410.lib opencv_rgbd3410.lib opencv_saliency3410.lib opencv_shape3410.lib opencv_stereo3410.lib opencv_stitching3410.lib opencv_structured_light3410.lib opencv_superres3410.lib opencv_surface_matching3410.lib opencv_text3410.lib opencv_tracking3410.lib opencv_video3410.lib opencv_videoio3410.lib opencv_videostab3410.lib opencv_xfeatures2d3410.lib opencv_ximgproc3410.lib opencv_xobjdetect3410.lib opencv_xphoto3410.lib /EHsc /nologo
// Debug版本编译命令
cl 1.cpp opencv_aruco3410d.lib opencv_bgsegm3410d.lib opencv_bioinspired3410d.lib opencv_calib3d3410d.lib opencv_ccalib3410d.lib opencv_core3410d.lib opencv_datasets3410d.lib opencv_dnn3410d.lib opencv_dnn_objdetect3410d.lib opencv_dpm3410d.lib opencv_face3410d.lib opencv_features2d3410d.lib opencv_flann3410d.lib opencv_fuzzy3410d.lib opencv_hfs3410d.lib opencv_highgui3410d.lib opencv_imgcodecs3410d.lib opencv_imgproc3410d.lib opencv_img_hash3410d.lib opencv_line_descriptor3410d.lib opencv_ml3410d.lib opencv_objdetect3410d.lib opencv_optflow3410d.lib opencv_phase_unwrapping3410d.lib opencv_photo3410d.lib opencv_plot3410d.lib opencv_reg3410d.lib opencv_rgbd3410d.lib opencv_saliency3410d.lib opencv_shape3410d.lib opencv_stereo3410d.lib opencv_stitching3410d.lib opencv_structured_light3410d.lib opencv_superres3410d.lib opencv_surface_matching3410d.lib opencv_text3410d.lib opencv_tracking3410d.lib opencv_video3410d.lib opencv_videoio3410d.lib opencv_videostab3410d.lib opencv_xfeatures2d3410d.lib opencv_ximgproc3410d.lib opencv_xobjdetect3410d.lib opencv_xphoto3410d.lib  /EHsc /nologo /MTd
// 运行
1.exe