应用程序沙盒
苹果公司为iOS每一个应用都分配了一个独立的文件夹,并且将应用程序所能读写的位置几乎都限定在这个文件夹里,这个文件夹可以看做是一个特殊的区域,我们称之为应用程序沙盒(sandbox)。
/*/*
IOS文件系统
当第一次启动APP的时候,ios操作系统就为此APP创建一个文件系统,该文件系统下默认有四个目录,分别是:
Document:存储用户在操作APP时产生的数据,此目录下的数据可以通过iCloud进行同步
Library:用户偏好设置,通常和此类NSUserDefaults搭配使用,在此目录下的数据可以通过iCloud进行同步
tmp:存放临时数据,在此目录下的数据不会通过iCloud进行同步
app包:开发者不会操作此目录,通常是通过NSBundle来获取包内资源,如工程素材
*/
文件的一些读取操作
获取根目录
NSString *rootPath = NSHomeDirectory();
获取根目录下的 Documents,自动添加‘/’
NSString *documentsPath = [rootPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents"];
//或者
documentsPath = [rootPath stringByAppendingFormat:@"/Documents"];
最常用的获取Documents目录的方式
documentsPath = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) objectAtIndex:0];
下载一个视频文件到Documents目录下的video文件夹
//创建一个方法,用来创建目标文件夹
- (NSString *)creatDirInDocuments:(NSString *)dirName{
//获取Documents文件的路径
NSString *documentsPath = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) objectAtIndex:0];
//拼接成我们想要的文件的路径的字符串
NSString *dirDocuments = [documentsPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:dirName];
//NSFileManager 单例类,用于文件的操作
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
//判断本地是否存在要创建的文件夹
BOOL isExist = [fileManager fileExistsAtPath:dirDocuments];
if (!isExist) {
//创建文件夹
NSError *error;
BOOL isSuccess = [fileManager createDirectoryAtPath:dirDocuments withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:&error];
if (!isSuccess) {
//如果文件夹创建失败,将错误信息打印
NSLog(@"error = %@",error.debugDescription);
dirDocuments = nil;
}
}
return dirDocuments;
}
下载视频并存入到指定文件夹
NSString *video = [self creatDirInDocuments:@"video"];
if (video != nil) {
NSString *videoUrlString = @"http://163.177.2.46/youku/6573B6F49204983389C86C2949/0300080100536FBEDAABC00172D4733C053123-91E7-7011-9F9B-ECC617DC9593.mp4";
NSString *filePath = [video stringByAppendingPathComponent:[videoUrlString lastPathComponent]];
//如果文件夹中不存在该路径
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
if (![fileManager fileExistsAtPath:filePath]) {
//下载视频并存储到data中
// NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:videoUrlString]];
//用fileManager的对象,将文件写入本地
BOOL isSuccess = [fileManager createFileAtPath:filePath contents:nil attributes:nil];
if (isSuccess) {
NSLog(@"视频下载成功!");
}
else{
NSLog(@"视频下载失败");
}
}
}
获取Library
NSString *library = [rootPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Library"];
library = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSLibraryDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) objectAtIndex:0];
下载并保存文件到tmp里面
//创建一个方法
- (NSString *)creatDirInTmp:(NSString *)dirName{
NSString *tmpPath = NSTemporaryDirectory();
//创建文件夹路径
NSString *dirPath = [tmpPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:dirName];
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
if (![fileManager fileExistsAtPath:dirPath]) {
NSError *error;
BOOL isSuccess = [fileManager createDirectoryAtPath:dirPath withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:&error];
if (!isSuccess) {
NSLog(@"error = %@",error.debugDescription);
dirPath = nil;
}
}
return dirPath;
}
//tmp
NSString *tmpString = NSTemporaryDirectory();
NSString *imgsTmpPath = [self creatDirInTmp:@"Imgs"];
NSArray *imgsArray = @[@"http://b.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/pic/item/b8389b504fc2d562acd3bf97e41190ef77c66cf4.jpg",@"http://lady.southcn.com/6/images/attachement/jpg/site4/20160815/35/16085136310361609675.jpg",@"http://e.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/pic/item/d8f9d72a6059252d20b9727e379b033b5bb5b91a.jpg"];
if (imgsTmpPath != nil) {
for (int i = 0; i < imgsArray.count; i++) {
NSString *imgsString = [imgsArray[i] lastPathComponent];
//每一张图片的路径
NSString *imgPath = [imgsTmpPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:imgsString];
//判断是否存在要下载的图片,如果不存在则下载
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
if (![fileManager fileExistsAtPath:imgPath]) {
//将每张图片的url进行编码,有中文等特殊字符时需要
NSString *urlString = [imgsArray[i] stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:[NSCharacterSet URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet]];
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlString]];
if (data == nil) {
NSLog(@"网络有问题,请稍后再下载");
}
else{
BOOL isSuccess = [data writeToFile:imgPath atomically:YES];
if (isSuccess) {
NSLog(@"图片下载成功");
}
else{
NSLog(@"图片下载失败");
}
}
}
}
}
将字符串写入到本地
NSString *targetString = @"经纪人";
BOOL flag = [targetString writeToFile:[imgsTmpPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"a.txt"] atomically:YES encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];
if (flag) {
NSLog(@"字符串写入成功");
}
else{
NSLog(@"字符串写入失败");
}
将数组写入本地
NSArray *array1 = @[@"马蓉",@"宝宝",@"aaa"];
BOOL flag1 = [array1 writeToFile:[imgsTmpPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"array.txt"] atomically:YES];
if (flag1) {
NSLog(@"数组写入成功");
}
else{
NSLog(@"数组写入失败");
}
将字典写入本地
NSDictionary *dic = @{@"name":@"宝宝",@"age":@24,@"address":@"GZ"};
BOOL flag2 = [dic writeToFile:[imgsTmpPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"dic.txt"] atomically:YES];
if (flag2) {
NSLog(@"字典写入成功");
}
else{
NSLog(@"字典写入失败");
}
计算文件大小
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
NSArray *fileManagerArray = [fileManager subpathsAtPath:imgsTmpPath];
// for (int i = 0; i < fileManagerArray.count; i++) {
//
//
// }
//
CGFloat count = 0.0;
for (NSString *ele in fileManagerArray) {
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:[imgsTmpPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:ele]];
count += data.length;
}
count = count/1024/1024;
NSLog(@"缓存文件的大小为%.2f",count);
删除文件
for (NSString *ele in fileManagerArray) {
BOOL isSuccess = [fileManager removeItemAtPath:[imgsTmpPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:ele] error:nil];
if (isSuccess) {
NSLog(@"删除成功");
}
}
app包,获取包内的图片,显示在UI上
NSBundle *bundle = [NSBundle mainBundle];
NSString *imgPath = [bundle pathForResource:@"b8389b504fc2d562acd3bf97e41190ef77c66cf4" ofType:@".jpg"];
NSData *imgData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:imgPath];
self.picimageview.image = [UIImage imageWithData:imgData];