分治，在平面上找距离最近的两个点

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

const double eps = 1e-8;
const int INF = 0x7fffffff;

int n;

struct Point
{
	double x,y;
}p[200000+5];
Point temp[200000+5];

bool cmpy(Point a, Point b)
{
	return a.y < b.y;
}
bool cmpx(Point a,Point b){  //先把n个点从左到右排序一波
    if(a.x!=b.x)
        return a.x<b.x;
    return a.y<b.y;
}
double Dis(Point a, Point b)
{
	return sqrt((a.x-b.x)*(a.x-b.x) + (a.y-b.y)*(a.y-b.y));
}

double Closest_Pair(int left, int right)
{
	double d = INF;
	if(left == right)
		return d;
	if(left +1 == right) //判断到2个点之间的时候，直接判断距离值
		return Dis(p[left],p[right]);
	int mid = (left+right)>>1;
	//cout << left <<"    "<< right <<" 进入到   "<<mid <<endl;
	double d1 = Closest_Pair(left,mid);
	double d2 = Closest_Pair(mid,right);
	d = min(d1,d2);//d为2点均为左右两边的点的距离最小值
	int k = 0;
	for(int i = left; i <= right; i++)
	{
		if(fabs(p[mid].x - p[i].x) <= d)
			temp[k++] = p[i];
	}// temp存的是这个区域与中线距离小于d的点（因为已经有距离为d的点了）
	sort(temp,temp+k,cmpy); //把这些点按照y排序
	for(int i = 0; i < k; i++)
	{
		for(int j = i+1; j < k && temp[j].y - temp[i].y < d; j++)
		{
			double d3 = Dis(temp[i],temp[j]);
			d = min(d,d3);
		}
	}
	return d;
}
int main()
{
  //  freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
    cin>>n;
	for(int i=0; i<n; i++)
	{
		double a,b;
		scanf("%lf%lf",&a,&b);
		p[i].x=a;
		p[i].y=b;
	}
	sort(p,p+n,cmpx);
	printf("%.3f",Closest_Pair(0,n-1));
}