c# 变量、运算符与类型转换

变量的定义与使用

//声明变量 ，即根据数据类型在内存申请空间
            int age;
            //给变量赋值，即将数据存储至对应的内存空间
            age = 20;
            //也可以同时给变量赋值
            string name = "小王";
            //使用变量既取出数据
            Console.WriteLine("我叫" + name + "年龄" + age);

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常量的使用

  //常量的定义语法
            //const 数据类型 常量名称 = 值；
            const double PAI = 3.14;
            double result = PAI * (5 * 5);
            Console.WriteLine("圆的面积=" + result);

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枚举的使用

   Genders gender = Genders.Male;
            Genders gender1 = Genders.dadsf;
            Console.WriteLine((int)gender); //强制转换成整数
            Console.WriteLine(gender1);
        }

             public enum Genders
        {
            Male = 0,
            dadsf = 1
        }

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控制台的使用

Console.WriteLine("输出后换行");
            Console.WriteLine("这个也换行");
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.Write("这个输出后不换行");
            Console.Write("输出后真的不换行");
            Console.ReadLine();

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格式化字符串输出

 string stuName = "张小熊"; //学员姓名
            int stuAge = 20;
            Console.WriteLine("学员姓名:{0} 年龄{1}", stuName, stuAge);
            Console.ReadLine();

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从控制台读入信息

   Console.WriteLine("请输入姓名");
            string studentName = Console.ReadLine();
            Console.WriteLine("请输入年龄");
            double age = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());
            Console.WriteLine("学员姓名:{0} 年龄{1}", studentName, age);
            Console.ReadLine();

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运算符的使用

  int num1 = 50;
            int num2 = 30;
            int result = num1 + num2;
            string a = "50";
            string b = "30";
            string result1 = a + b;
            int result2 = result % 3;
            int result3 = result / 3;
            num1++;
            num2--;
            int result4 = num1 * num2;
            Console.WriteLine(result);
            Console.WriteLine(result1);
            Console.WriteLine(result2);
            Console.WriteLine(result3);
            Console.WriteLine(result4);
            Console.WriteLine(num1);

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前++ 后++

 int num1 = 50;
            num1++;
            ++num1;
            Console.WriteLine(++num1); //前++ 加后再输出 = 53
            Console.WriteLine(num1++);  //后++ 输出53  再++   输出的是53 但结果是54
            Console.WriteLine(num1);   //结果是54

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数据类型的自动转换

 double a = 10.25;
            int b = 20;
            double result = a + b;
            Console.WriteLine(result);

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数据类型的强制转换

double aa = 10.25;
            int bb = 20;
            int result1 = (int)aa + bb;
            Console.WriteLine(result1);

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字符串和值类型的互相转换

 double a = double.Parse("20.5");
            float b = float.Parse("11.2");
            int c = int.Parse("20");
            //值类型转换成字符串类型
            string aa = a.ToString();
            string bb = b.ToString();
            string cc = c.ToString();
            Console.WriteLine("aa={0},bb={1},cc={2}", aa, bb, cc);

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万能转换器的使用

 double a = Convert.ToDouble("20.5");
            float b = Convert.ToSingle("12.5");
            int c = Convert.ToInt32("20");
            DateTime detetime = Convert.ToDateTime("1990-9-9");

            int e = Convert.ToInt32(a);
            int d = Convert.ToInt32(b);
            double f = Convert.ToDouble(c);

            Console.WriteLine("a={0},b={1},c={2},e={3},d={4},f={5}", a, b, c, e, d, f);

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浮点类型的字符串到int需要俩次强制转换

            int a = (int)double.Parse("35.8");
            int b = (int)Convert.ToDouble("33.5");
            Console.WriteLine("a={0},b={1}", a, b);