【Unity3D】【行为模式】【责任链模式】

责任链模式（Chain of Responsibility Pattern）

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一、概述

摘录

Avoid coupling the sender of a request to its receiver by giving more than one object a chance to handle the request. Chain the receiving objects and pass the request along the chain until an object handles it.
使多个对象都有机会处理请求，从而避免了请求的发送者和接受者之间的耦合关系。将这些对象连成一条链，并沿着这条链传递该请求，直到有对象处理它为止。

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提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考

Handle

抽象处理者类：实现两个功能，一是定义处理请求的接口方法，二是
实现哪条后继链条

ConcreteHandle

具体处理者：继承上面的类

• 处理它负责的请求
• 可以访问它的继承者
• 如果ConcreteHandler可以处理请求，它就会处理;否则，它将请求转发给后继者

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二、代码实现

代码如下（示例）：

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ChainOfResponsibilityStructure : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start()
    { 
        // Setup Chain of Responsibility
        Handler h1 = new ConcreteHandler1();
        Handler h2 = new ConcreteHandler2();
        Handler h3 = new ConcreteHandler3();
        h1.SetSuccessor(h2);
        h2.SetSuccessor(h3);
 
        // Generate and process request
        int[] requests = { 2, 5, 14, 22, 18, 3, 27, 20 };
        foreach (int request in requests)
        {
            h1.HandleRequest(request);
        }

    }
  }
 
/// <summary>
/// The 'Handler' abstract class
/// </summary>
abstract class Handler
{
    protected Handler successor;

    public void SetSuccessor(Handler successor)
    {
        this.successor = successor;
    }

    public abstract void HandleRequest(int request);
}

/// <summary>
/// The 'ConcreteHandler1' class
/// </summary>
class ConcreteHandler1 : Handler
{
    public override void HandleRequest(int request)
    {
        if (request >= 0 && request < 10)
        {
            Debug.Log(this.GetType().Name + " handled request " + request);
        }
        else if (successor != null)
        {
            successor.HandleRequest(request);
        }
    }
}

/// <summary>
/// The 'ConcreteHandler2' class
/// </summary>
class ConcreteHandler2 : Handler
{
    public override void HandleRequest(int request)
    {
        if (request >= 10 && request < 20)
        {
            Debug.Log(this.GetType().Name + " handled request " + request);
        }
        else if (successor != null)
        {
            successor.HandleRequest(request);
        }
    }
}

/// <summary>
/// The 'ConcreteHandler3' class
/// </summary>
class ConcreteHandler3 : Handler
{
    public override void HandleRequest(int request)
    {
        if (request >= 20 && request < 30)
        {
            Debug.Log(this.GetType().Name+" handled request "+request);
        }
        else if (successor != null)
        {
            successor.HandleRequest(request);
        }
    }
}

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三、应用场景

• 类比 if-else 的实现耦合度会降低，符合开闭原则。
• 在游戏开发中可以用于关卡跳转。