【OpenGL】一、创建窗口

代码分析

#include <glad/glad.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <iostream>

//声明回调函数它会在每次窗口大小被调整的时候被调用(当用户进行窗口的缩放操作的时候，视口也需要调整)
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);
void processInput(GLFWwindow* window);

// settings
const unsigned int SCR_WIDTH = 800;
const unsigned int SCR_HEIGHT = 600;

int main()
{
	// glfw: initialize and configure
	// ------------------------------
	//GLFW初始化
	glfwInit();
	//配置GLFW
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);

#ifdef __APPLE__
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE);
#endif

	// glfw window creation
	// --------------------
	//
	GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, "LearnOpenGL", NULL, NULL);
	if (window == NULL)
	{
		std::cout << "Failed to create GLFW window" << std::endl;
		glfwTerminate();
		return -1;
	}

	//在opengl中窗口不会自动将它与opengl上下文关联起来，故调用glfwMakeContextCurrent
	glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
	//注册事件
	glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback);

	// glad: load all OpenGL function pointers
	// 初始化GLAD
	// ---------------------------------------
	if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress))
	{
		std::cout << "Failed to initialize GLAD" << std::endl;
		return -1;
	}

	// render loop
	// 渲染循环
	// -----------
	while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
	{
		// input
		// -----
		processInput(window);

		// render
		// ------
		//
		glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f);
		glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

		// glfw: swap buffers and poll IO events (keys pressed/released, mouse moved etc.)
		// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
		//交换缓冲区
		//简而言之，opengl有两个缓冲区，一个用于显示，一个用于渲染，
		//渲染结束后交换缓冲区，减少图像闪烁的问题
		glfwSwapBuffers(window);
		//处理窗口相关事件
		glfwPollEvents();
	}

	// glfw: terminate, clearing all previously allocated GLFW resources.
	// ------------------------------------------------------------------
	// 清理所有的资源并正确地退出
	glfwTerminate();
	return 0;
}

// process all input: query GLFW whether relevant keys are pressed/released this frame and react accordingly
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void processInput(GLFWwindow* window)
{
	//按键操作
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
		glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
}

// glfw: whenever the window size changed (by OS or user resize) this callback function executes
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height)
{
	// make sure the viewport matches the new window dimensions; note that width and 
	// height will be significantly larger than specified on retina displays.
	// glViewport设置窗口的长宽
	glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
}

参考链接

LearnopenGL CN