04-枚举

• 枚举的基本用法

enum Direction {
   
    case north
    case south
    case east
    case west
}

enum Direction {
   
    case north, south, east, west
}

var dir = Direction.west
dir = Direction.east
dir = .north
print(dir) // north

switch dir {
   
case .north:
    print("north")
case .south:
    print("south")
case .east:
    print("east")
case .west:
    print("west")
}

• 关联值(Associated Values)

有时将枚举的成员值跟其他类型的值关联存储在一起, 会非常有用

enum Score {
   
    case points(Int)
    case grade(Character)
}

var score = Score.points(96)
score = .grade("A")
switch score {
   
case let .points(i):
    print(i, "points")
case let .grade(i):
    print("grade", i)
}
// 打印结果：grade A。
// 注意：其实 i 就是 字符串 "A",'let .grade(i)'相当于拿到枚举中 grade 这个成员值与它关联的值 'A'

enum Date {
   
    case digit(year: Int, month: Int, day: Int)
    case string(String)
}

var date