13-可选链

• 可选链(Optional Chaining)

class Car {var price = 0}
class Dog {var weight = 0}
class Person {
    var name:String = ""
    var dog: Dog = Dog()
    var car: Car? = Car()
    func age() -> Int {18}
    func eat() { print("Person eat") }
    subscript(index: Int) -> Int { index }
}

• 如果可选项为 nil，调用方法、下标、属性失败，结果为 nil
• 如果可选项不为 nil，调用方法、下标、属性成功，结果会被包装成可选项
• 如果结果本来就是可选项，不会进行再次再次包装

var person: Person? = Person()
var age1 = person!.age()    // Int
var age2 = person?.age()    // Int?
var name = person?.name     // String?
var index = person?[6]      // Int?

func getName() -> String { "jack" }
// 如果 person 是 nil，不会调用 getName()
person?.name = getName()

var scores = ["Jack": [86, 82, 84], "Rose": [79, 94, 81]]
scores["Jack"]?[0] = 100
scores["Rose"]?[2] += 10
scores["Kate"]?[0] = 88

var num1: Int? = 5
num1? = 10  // Optional(10)

var num2: Int? = nil
num2? = 10 // nil

var dict: [String: (Int, Int) -> Int] = ["sum": (+), "difference": (-)]

var result = dict["sum"]?(10, 20)   // Optional(30), Int?

本文章只是本人的学习笔记！