TCP通信（PC作为Server，安卓手机作为Client）

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-04 02:42:09 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-04 02:42:09 发布

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分类专栏：网络通信文章标签： socket 网络 java 安卓 c++

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37249793/article/details/113349003

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本文展示了使用TCP进行手机与PC间实时通信的实现，包括Java和C++的服务器端代码以及Android客户端代码。测试显示单次连接延时约400ms，指出通过USB通信和ADB端口转发可以改善实时性需求。

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TCP

定义：传输控制协议（TCP，Transmission Control Protocol）是一种面向连接的、可靠的、基于字节流的传输层通信协议.

特点：

（1）基于流

（2）面向连接

（3）可靠

连接方式：三次握手协议

与UDP相比：

优点：

（1）可靠（数据能够准确送达）

缺点：

（1）只能一对一

（2）传输效率低

本次项目目标：采用TCP通信，测试手机与PC实时显示的延时。

PC（Java）Server端代码：

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server implements Runnable {
    public static final int SERVERPORT = 6666;
    public void run() {
        try {
            System.out.println("Server: Connecting...");
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(SERVERPORT);
            while (true) {
                System.out.println("Server:Connected.");
                Socket client = serverSocket.accept();
                System.out.println("Server: Receiving...");
                try {
                    BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(
                        new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));
                    String str = in.readLine();
                    System.out.println("Server: Received: '" + str + "'");
                    try
                    {
                        Thread.currentThread().sleep(40);
                    }
                    catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }



                    // 返回给客户端的消息 
                    PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(
                        new OutputStreamWriter(client.getOutputStream())), true);

                    out.println("sent to android message is:" + 11);
                    out.flush();



                }
                catch (Exception e) {
                    System.out.println("Server: Error");
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                finally {
                    client.close();
                    System.out.println("Server: Done.");
                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Server: Error");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public static void main(String a[]) {
        Thread desktopServerThread = new Thead(new Server());
        desktopServerThread.start();
    }
}

PC（C++）Server端代码：

#include "winsock2.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	const int BUF_SIZE = 64;

	WSADATA wsd; //WSADATA变量
	SOCKET sServer; //服务器套接字
	SOCKET sClient; //客户端套接字
	SOCKADDR_IN addrServ;; //服务器地址
	char buf[BUF_SIZE]; //接收数据缓冲区
	char sendBuf[BUF_SIZE];//返回给客户端得数据
	int retVal; //返回值

	//初始化套结字动态库
	if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsd) != 0)
	{
		cout << "WSAStartup failed!" << endl;
		return 1;
	}
	//创建套接字
	sServer = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
	if (INVALID_SOCKET == sServer)
	{
		cout << "socket failed!" << endl;
		WSACleanup();//释放套接字资源;
		return -1;
	}
	//服务器套接字地址 
	addrServ.sin_family = AF_INET;
	addrServ.sin_port = htons(6666);
	addrServ.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
	//绑定套接字
	retVal = bind(sServer, (LPSOCKADDR)&addrServ, sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));

	if (SOCKET_ERROR == retVal)
	{
		cout << "bind failed!" << endl;
		closesocket(sServer); //关闭套接字
		WSACleanup(); //释放套接字资源;
		return -1;
	}
	//开始监听 
	retVal = listen(sServer, 1);
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == retVal)
	{
		cout << "listen failed!" << endl;
		closesocket(sServer); //关闭套接字
		WSACleanup(); //释放套接字资源;
		return -1;
	}
	//接受客户端请求
	sockaddr_in addrClient;
	int addrClientlen = sizeof(addrClient);
	sClient = accept(sServer, (sockaddr FAR*) & addrClient, &addrClientlen);
	if (INVALID_SOCKET == sClient)
	{
		cout << "accept failed!" << endl;
		closesocket(sServer); //关闭套接字
		WSACleanup(); //释放套接字资源;
		return -1;
	}

	while (true) {
		//接收客户端数据
		ZeroMemory(buf, BUF_SIZE);
		retVal = recv(sClient, buf, BUF_SIZE, 0);
		if (SOCKET_ERROR == retVal)
		{
			cout << "recv failed!" << endl;
			closesocket(sServer); //关闭套接字
			closesocket(sClient); //关闭套接字
			WSACleanup(); //释放套接字资源;
			return -1;
		}
		if (buf[0] == '0')
			break;
		cout << "客户端发送的数据: " << buf << endl;
		cout << "向客户端发送数据: ";
		cin >> sendBuf;
		send(sClient, sendBuf, strlen(sendBuf), 0);
	}
	//退出
	closesocket(sServer); //关闭套接字
	closesocket(sClient); //关闭套接字
	WSACleanup(); //释放套接字资源;

	return 0;
}

Android端（Java）代码:

AndroidManifest.xml中增加权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

mainactivity主程序代码：

package com.example.xianchengtcp0;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;


public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final int CONNECTING = 0;
    private static final int SENDING = 1;
    private static final int CLOSE = 2;
    private static final int RECEIVE = 3;

    TextView text;
    EditText input, address, port;
    Socket socket;

    String addStr, sendMsg, receiveMsg;
    int portStr;


    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button button = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn_send);
        text = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.receive);
        input = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.input);
        address = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.address);
        port = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.port);
        address.setText("192.168.1.103");
        port.setText("6666");
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                addStr = address.getText().toString().trim();
                portStr = Integer.parseInt(port.getText().toString().trim());
                new WorkThread().start();
            }
        });
    }

    private Handler handler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            if (msg.what == CONNECTING) {
                text.setText("正在连接中......");
            } else if (msg.what == SENDING) {
                text.setText("Client Sending: '" + sendMsg + "'");
              else if (msg.what == CLOSE) {
                text.append("socket close");
            } else if (msg.what == RECEIVE) {
                text.setText("Client Receiveing: '" + receiveMsg + "'");
            }


        }
    };


    //工作线程
    private class WorkThread extends Thread {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            //处理比较耗时的操作
            //数据处理完成后，关于UI的更新要通过handler发送消息
            Message msg = new Message();
            Message msg1 = new Message();
            Message msg2 = new Message();
            Message msg3 = new Message();
            msg.what = CONNECTING;
            handler.sendMessage(msg);
            try {
                socket = new Socket(addStr, portStr);
                if (socket == null) {
                    Log.e("error", "socket  null");
                    return;
                }
                //发送给服务端的消息
                sendMsg = input.getText().toString();
                sendMsg = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis());
                msg1.what = SENDING;
                handler.sendMessage(msg1);
                //socket.getOutputStream  out是个字符输出流，后面true说明执行后自动刷新
                PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(
                        new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
                                socket.getOutputStream())), true);
                out.println(sendMsg);


                // 接收服务器信息
                BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(
                        new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
                // 得到服务器信息
                receiveMsg = in.readLine();
                msg3.what = RECEIVE;
                handler.sendMessage(msg3);


            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                //关闭Socket
                if (socket != null) {
                    try {
                        socket.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                msg2.what = CLOSE;
                handler.sendMessage(msg2);
            }


        }
    }


}

Layout代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/address"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="请输入ip地址"/>

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="10dp"
        android:hint="请输入端口号"
        android:id="@+id/port"
        />

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="10dp"
        android:hint="请输入发送的信息"
        android:id="@+id/input"
        />


    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:id="@+id/btn_send"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:text="send"/>


    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/receive"
        android:text="收到信息为： "
        />
</LinearLayout>

单次连接测试延时为400ms+，延时较高，但如果用usb通信adb端口转发的话，就符合我们实时通信的需求了