opencv-卷积/锐化/边缘检测/模糊滤波器详解

import cv2
import numpy
import utils

def cv_show(name,img):
    cv2.imshow(name,img)
    cv2.waitKey(0)
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()



#边缘检测优化方法 先对图像进行模糊处理，再转为为灰度彩色图像，再使用laplacian检测边缘。此方法可较好的避免将噪声错误地识别为边缘。
def strokeEdges(src,dst,blurKsize = 7,edgeKsize = 5):
    if blurKsize >=3:
        blurredSrc = cv2.medianBlur(src,blurKsize)
        graySrc = cv2.cvtColor(blurredSrc,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    else:
        graySrc = cv2.cvtColor(src,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    cv2.Laplacian(graySrc,cv2.CV_8U,graySrc,ksize = edgeKsize )
    #cv_show('binary',binary)
    normalizedInverseAlpha = (1.0 / 255) * (255 - graySrc)
    #cv_show('normalized',normalizedInverseAlpha)
    channels = cv2.split(src)
    for channel in channels:
        channel[:] = channel * normalizedInverseAlpha
        #cv_show('channel',channel)
    dst = cv2.merge(channels)
    return dst



#一般的卷积滤波器方法
class VConvolutionFilter(object):
    #A filter that applies a convolution to V (or all of BGR)
    def __init__(self,kernel):
        self._kernel = kernel
    def apply(self,src):
        #Apply the filter with a BGR or gray source /destination
        dst = cv2.filter2D(src,-1,self._kernel)
        return dst

#特定的锐化滤波器方法
class shapenFilter(VConvolutionFilter):
    #A shapen filter with a 1-pixel radius
    def __init__(self):
        kernel = numpy.array([
            [-1,-1,-1],
            [-1, 9,-1],
            [-1,-1,-1],
        ])#若不想改变图像亮度，则权重加起来为1。若使权重和为0，则得到一个边缘检测核，把边缘转化为白色，把非边缘区域转为黑色，例如下面的FindEdgesFilter方法
        VConvolutionFilter.__init__(self,kernel)

#边缘检测滤波器。
class FindEdgesFilter(VConvolutionFilter):
    #An edge-finding filter with a 1-pixel radius
    def __init__(self):
        kernel = numpy.array([
            [-1,-1,-1],
            [-1, 9,-1],
            [-1,-1,-1],
        ])
        VConvolutionFilter.__init__(self,kernel)


#模糊滤波器，为了达到模糊效果，通常权重和为1，而且临近像素的权重全为正。下面实现一个简单的邻近平均滤波器:
class BlurFilter(VConvolutionFilter):
    #A blur filter with a 2-piexl radius
    def __init__(self):
        kernel = numpy.array([
        [0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04],
        [0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04],
        [0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04],
        [0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04],
        [0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04,0.04],
        ])
        VConvolutionFilter.__init__(self,kernel)

#脊状/浮雕效果滤波器
class EmbossFilter(VConvolutionFilter):
    def __init__(self):
        kernel = numpy.array([
            [-2,-1, 0],
            [-1, 9, 1],
            [ 0, 1, 2],
        ])
        VConvolutionFilter.__init__(self,kernel)



image = cv2.imread(r'C:\Users\Owen\Pictures\lena.jpg')
dst = numpy.ones((image.shape[0],image.shape[1]),dtype = numpy.int8)

dst = strokeEdges(image,dst)
cv_show('strokeEdges',dst)

shape = shapenFilter()
dst = shape.apply(image)
cv_show('strokeEdges',dst)

FindEdgesFilter = FindEdgesFilter()
dst =FindEdgesFilter.apply(image)
cv_show('FindEdgesFilter',dst)

BlurFilter = BlurFilter()
dst = BlurFilter.apply(image)
cv_show('blurfilter',dst)

EmbossFilter = EmbossFilter()
dst = EmbossFilter.apply(image)
cv_show('EmbossFilter',dst)

边缘检测优化方法图像结果：

锐化滤波器方法图像结果：

边缘检测滤波器方法图像结果：

模糊滤波器方法图像结果：

脊状/浮雕效果滤波器图像效果：