pytorch几个重要的学习例子

1、简单的回归
2、MNIST
3、创建Tensor
4、索引与切片
5、维度变换 expand
6、broadcasting
7、合并与分割concat
8、数学运算
9、statistics
10、tensor_advanced
11、BatchNorm
12、nn.Module()
13、Visdom

1.简单的回归

import numpy as np

# y = wx + b
def compute_error_for_line_given_points(b, w, points):
    totalError = 0
    for i in range(0, len(points)):
        x = points[i, 0]
        y = points[i, 1]
        totalError += (y - (w * x + b)) ** 2
    return totalError / float(len(points))

def step_gradient(b_current, w_current, points, learningRate):
    b_gradient = 0
    w_gradient = 0
    N = float(len(points))
    for i in range(0, len(points)):
        x = points[i, 0]
        y = points[i, 1]
        b_gradient += -(2/N) * (y - ((w_current * x) + b_current))
        w_gradient += -(2/N) * x * (y - ((w_current * x) + b_current))
    new_b = b_current - (learningRate * b_gradient)
    new_m = w_current - (learningRate * w_gradient)
    return [new_b, new_m]

def gradient_descent_runner(points, starting_b, starting_m, learning_rate, num_iterations):
    b = starting_b
    m = starting_m
    for i in range(num_iterations):
        b, m = step_gradient(b, m, np.array(points), learning_rate)
    return [b, m]

def run():
    points = np.genfromtxt("data.csv", delimiter=",")
    learning_rate = 0.0001
    initial_b = 0 # initial y-intercept guess
    initial_m = 0 # initial slope guess
    num_iterations = 1000
    print("Starting gradient descent at b = {0}, m = {1}, error = {2}"
          .format(initial_b, initial_m,
                  compute_error_for_line_given_points(initial_b, initial_m, points))
          )
    print("Running...")
    [b, m] = gradient_descent_runner(points, initial_b, initial_m, learning_rate, num_iterations)
    print("After {0} iterations b = {1}, m = {2}, error = {3}".
          format(num_iterations, b, m,
                 compute_error_for_line_given_points(b, m, points))
          )
if __name__ == '__main__':
    run()

2、MNIST

import  torch
from    torch import nn
from    torch.nn import functional as F
from    torch import optim

import  torchvision
from    matplotlib import pyplot as plt

from    utils import plot_image, plot_curve, one_hot



batch_size = 512

# step1. load dataset
train_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
    torchvision.datasets.MNIST('mnist_data', train=True, download=True,
                               transform=torchvision.transforms.Compose([
                                   torchvision.transforms.ToTensor(),
                                   torchvision.transforms.Normalize(
                                       (0.1307,), (0.3081,))
                               ])),
    batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True)

test_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
    torchvision.datasets.MNIST('mnist_data/', train=False, download=True,
                               transform=torchvision.transforms.Compose([
                                   torchvision.transforms.ToTensor(),
                                   torchvision.transforms.Normalize(
                                       (0.1307,), (0.3081,))
                               ])),
    batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False)

x, y = next(iter(train_loader))
print(x.shape, y.shape, x.min(), x.max())
plot_image(x, y, 'image sample')



class Net(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self):
        super(Net, self).__init__()

        # xw+b
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(28*28, 256)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(256, 64)
        self.fc3 = nn.Linear(64, 10)

    def forward(self, x):
        # x: [b, 1, 28, 28]
        # h1 = relu(xw1+b1)
        x = F.relu(self.fc1(x))
        # h2 = relu(h1w2+b2)
        x = F.relu(self.fc2(x))
        # h3 = h2w3+b3
        x = self.fc3(x)

        return x





net = Net()
# [w1, b1, w2, b2, w3, b3]
optimizer = optim.SGD(net.parameters(), lr=0.01, momentum=0.9)

train_loss = []

for epoch in range(3):

    for batch_idx, (x, y) in enumerate(train_loader):

        # x: [b, 1, 28, 28], y: [512]
        # [b, 1, 28, 28] => [b, 784]
        x = x.view(x.size(0), 28*28)
        # => [b, 10]
        out = net(x)
        # [b, 10]
        y_onehot = one_hot(y)
        # loss = mse(out, y_onehot)
        loss = F.mse_loss(out, y_onehot)

        optimizer.zero_grad()
        loss.backward()
        # w' = w - lr*grad
        optimizer.step()

        train_loss.append(loss.item())

        if batch_idx % 10==0:
            print(epoch, batch_idx, loss.item())

plot_curve(train_loss)
# we get optimal [w1, b1, w2, b2, w3, b3]


total_correct = 0
for x,y in test_loader:
    x  = x.view(x.size(0), 28*28)
    out = net(x)
    # out: [b, 10] => pred: [b]
    pred = out.argmax(dim=1)
    correct = pred.eq(y).sum().float().item()
    total_correct += correct

total_num = len(test_loader.dataset)
acc = total_correct / total_num
print('test acc:', acc)

x, y = next(iter(test_loader))
out = net(x.view(x.size(0), 28*28))
pred = out.argmax(dim=1)
plot_image(x, pred, 'test')

画图函数：

import  torch
from    matplotlib import pyplot as plt


def plot_curve(data):
    fig = plt.figure()
    plt.plot(range(len(data)), data, color='blue')
    plt.legend(['value'], loc='upper right')
    plt.xlabel('step')
    plt.ylabel('value')
    plt.show()



def plot_image(img, label, name):

    fig = plt.figure()
    for i in range(6):
        plt.subplot(2, 3, i + 1)
        plt.tight_layout()
        plt.imshow(img[i][0]*0.3081+0.1307, cmap='gray', interpolation='none')
        plt.title("{}: {}".format(name, label[i].item()))
        plt.xticks([])
        plt.yticks([])
    plt.show()


def one_hot(label, depth=10):
    out = torch.zeros(label.size(0), depth)
    idx = torch.LongTensor(label).view(-1, 1)
    out.scatter_(dim=1, index=idx, value=1)
    return out

3、创建Tensor

4、索引与切片

5、维度变换 expand

6、broadcasting

7、合并与分割concat

8、数学运算

9、statistics

10、tensor_advanced

11、BatchNorm

12.nn.Module()

13、Visdom