1. 应用启动的时候,初始化 事件广播器,事件广播器 调用 容器里的 监听器,调用对应的目标方法
弄清楚Java 中的事件原理,无非要弄清楚三个角色:事件源(source)、事件对象(EventObject)、事件监听器(EventListener)。
注:Java 中的java.util 包中的EventObject 与EventListener 是所有事件对象与监听器的最基础的类。
流程:事件源 发布 事件 ,然后 事件源获取时间广播器 ,通过事件广播器 调用 事件 监听器 进而 调用 监听器里的方法
Spring 中是如何规划这三个角色的呢?
角色一:事件对象: 基础类为org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent
说明:
其中ApplicationContextEvent 事件传入ApplicationContext 作为事件源,适合于所有Java 应用
RequestHandleEvent 中传入Object 对象作为事件源,且构造函数中附带了SessionID、请求地址、主机地址等信息,可见是专用于 Web 工程的。
角色二:事件源:
对于不同应用事件源是不同的。此处主要学习Spring ,所以只讨论子类ApplicationContextEvent 事件对象的事件源:ApplicationContext
说明:ApplicationContext 直接实现了ApplicationEventPublisher 接口,该接口中定义了publishEvent 方法,图上所示的类是全部实现了该接口方法的,
而另外有些直接或间接实现了接口ApplicationContext 的类并没有实现publishEvent 方法,只是被动的继承了该方法。publishEvent
的具体实现位置在图中标记的AbstractApplicationContext 抽象类中。
监听器是在事件源中被调用的,那么事件源ApplicationContext 是怎么存放这些监听器实例的?
在ApplicationContext 直接子类中,Spring 定义了所有监听器实例为一个集合:
private Set<ApplicationListener<?>> applicationListeners = new LinkedHashSet<ApplicationListener<?>>();
角色三:监听器类: 基础类为:org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener
二、Spring 事件发布实现
ApplicationContext 对象作为事件源,ApplicationEvent 作为事件对象基础类,ApplicationListener 作为事件监听器基础类。
AbstractApplicationContext 中 源码如下:
@Override
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
prepareRefresh();
// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Initialize message source for this context.
initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
// 初始化事件广播器(将来上下文 发布事件的时候就是通过 事件广播器获取 监听器列表 调用目标方法的)
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them.
registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event.
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();
// Reset 'active' flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
finally {
// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}
相同的类里具体如下:
protected void initApplicationEventMulticaster() {
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
if (beanFactory.containsLocalBean(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME)) {
this.applicationEventMulticaster =
beanFactory.getBean(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, ApplicationEventMulticaster.class);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Using ApplicationEventMulticaster [" + this.applicationEventMulticaster + "]");
}
}
else {
this.applicationEventMulticaster = new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster(beanFactory);
beanFactory.registerSingleton(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, this.applicationEventMulticaster);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Unable to locate ApplicationEventMulticaster with name '" +
APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME +
"': using default [" + this.applicationEventMulticaster + "]");
}
}
}
打断点:
@Override
public void multicastEvent(final ApplicationEvent event, ResolvableType eventType) {
ResolvableType type = (eventType != null ? eventType : resolveDefaultEventType(event));
// 从父类 获取 监听器
// LinkedList<ApplicationListener<?>> allListeners = new LinkedList<ApplicationListener<?>>();
// Set<ApplicationListener<?>> listeners;
// Set<String> listenerBeans;
for (final ApplicationListener<?> listener : getApplicationListeners(event, type)) {
// 如果监听器 的方法上 加上 @Sync 就会 在 SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster
// 类里实例化 一个 线程池(private Executor taskExecutor;)
Executor executor = getTaskExecutor();
// 异步
if (executor != null) {
executor.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
invokeListener(listener, event);
}
});
}
else {
// 同步
invokeListener(listener, event);
}
}
}
// 调用 监听器的方法
protected void invokeListener(ApplicationListener listener, ApplicationEvent event) {
ErrorHandler errorHandler = getErrorHandler();
if (errorHandler != null) {
try {
listener.onApplicationEvent(event);
}
catch (Throwable err) {
errorHandler.handleError(err);
}
}
else {
try {
listener.onApplicationEvent(event);
}
catch (ClassCastException ex) {
// Possibly a lambda-defined listener which we could not resolve the generic event type for
LogFactory.getLog(getClass()).debug("Non-matching event type for listener: " + listener, ex);
}
}
}
spring 中发布事件的流程:
package org.springframework.context;
public interface ApplicationEventPublisher {
void publishEvent(ApplicationEvent event);
void publishEvent(Object event);
}
事件源 ------>事件发布
@RestController
public class SyncEventController {
/**
* 事件发布
* Spring中发布事件的接口是ApplicationEventPublisher,我们可以自定义自己的类,当然也可以使用spring现成的类
* Spring的事件发布类
* ApplicationContext
* AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
*
* 在容器启动刷新的时候已经注入了ApplicationEventPublisher的实现,我们可以直接注入使
*
*/
@Resource
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
@RequestMapping("syn/hello")
public String hello(){
System.out.println("事件开始发布消息:"+System.currentTimeMillis());
// 自定义事件
applicationContext.publishEvent(new SynCustomEvent(this,"嘿嘿嘿!"));
return "success";
}
自定义事件:
package com.example.demo.entity.event;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;
/**
* @program: springboot_01
* @description: 继承 ApplicationEvent 自定义事件;同步事件
* @author: guoyiguang
* @create: 2021-06-02 11:51
**/
public class SynCustomEvent extends ApplicationEvent {
/**
* 要封装的消息,可以是自定义对象
*/
private String message;
public SynCustomEvent(Object source, String message) {
super(source);
this.message = message;
}
/**
* 调用 getMessage 获取 被封装的消息
*/
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
}
监听器------> (同步或者异步)接受消息
@Component
public class EventListenerRunner3 {
/**
* @Async 指定一步执行
*/
@EventListener(SynCustomEvent.class)
// @Async // 异步接受消息
public void onApplicationEvent(SynCustomEvent customEvent){
System.out.println("接收到的消息为:"+customEvent.getMessage());
}
}
AbstractApplicationContext 中发布事件的代码:
protected void publishEvent(Object event, ResolvableType eventType) {
Assert.notNull(event, "Event must not be null");
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Publishing event in " + getDisplayName() + ": " + event);
}
// Decorate event as an ApplicationEvent if necessary
ApplicationEvent applicationEvent;
if (event instanceof ApplicationEvent) {
applicationEvent = (ApplicationEvent) event;
}
else {
applicationEvent = new PayloadApplicationEvent<Object>(this, event);
if (eventType == null) {
eventType = ((PayloadApplicationEvent)applicationEvent).getResolvableType();
}
}
// Multicast right now if possible - or lazily once the multicaster is initialized
if (this.earlyApplicationEvents != null) {
this.earlyApplicationEvents.add(applicationEvent);
}
else {
// 从容器中获取 事件广播器
getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent(applicationEvent, eventType);
}
// Publish event via parent context as well...
if (this.parent != null) {
if (this.parent instanceof AbstractApplicationContext) {
((AbstractApplicationContext) this.parent).publishEvent(event, eventType);
}
else {
this.parent.publishEvent(event);
}
}
}
获取事件广播器后广播事件
@Override
public void multicastEvent(final ApplicationEvent event, ResolvableType eventType) {
ResolvableType type = (eventType != null ? eventType : resolveDefaultEventType(event));
for (final ApplicationListener<?> listener : getApplicationListeners(event, type)) {
Executor executor = getTaskExecutor();
if (executor != null) {
executor.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
invokeListener(listener, event);
}
});
}
else {
invokeListener(listener, event);
}
}
}