Note: 旧的wordpress博客弃用,于是将以前的笔记搬运回来。
Question:
Suppose that
U
U
U is a subspace of
V
V
V. What is
U
+
U
U + U
U+U?
Solution:
U
+
U
=
U
U + U = U
U+U=U.
Proof:
Take
u
,
v
∈
U
u, v \in U
u,v∈U. Then every element in
U
+
U
U + U
U+U can be written as
u
+
v
u + v
u+v. Since
U
U
U is a subspace of
V
V
V, U is closed under addition. Therefor
u
+
v
∈
U
u + v \in U
u+v∈U. Hence
U
+
U
⊂
U
U + U \subset U
U+U⊂U.
If we take
w
=
u
+
0
∈
U
+
U
w = u + 0 \in U + U
w=u+0∈U+U, we can get every element in
U
U
U (
w
∈
U
w \in U
w∈U). Therefor
U
⊂
U
+
U
U \subset U + U
U⊂U+U.
Thus
U
=
U
+
U
U = U + U
U=U+U.