pytorch_CNN实现文本情感分类

前面一章已经讲了cnn如何做图像识别，相对应的cnn也可以做文本识别，中心思想不变，卷积层以及池化层等不变，但是数据的输入就需要进行对应的调整

不熟悉cnn的同学可以看看上篇文章https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39309652/article/details/115978825?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501
这里对cnn的框架不再描述，我们主要看看文本数据如何转化为模型所需要的数据

我们只需要将数据构建为（N,C,H,W）,其中N为批量数据，C为信号的通道，H为宽，W为高，我们以以下句子为例
“我想用CNN做个情感分析，这个语句是我喜欢的”
那这个句子的（N,C,H,W）分别为多少呢？

N是1，因为只有一个数据，也就是每次只输入一段话

C是1，因为只有一个通道不像图像有彩色图片三通道

H,W目前我们无法判断，需要进行构建，也就是将这一句话向量化，最原始的方法就是独热编码，先进行分词，之后one-hot,但是one-hot只是将数据向量化而不能表达文字之间的关系，如国王和王后这两个词接近，作者本人和帅气这个词接近，就是这个道理，在pytorch中直接使用nn.Embedding(vocab_size, embedding_size)就可以，vocab_size是所有词的总数，embedding_size是对应的维度

假如我们有一张对应向量表,就能找到每个词对应的词向量，就可以构建H和W,我们按照这个思想进行代码实现

import pandas as pd
import jieba
from torch.utils import data
import torch
import numpy as np
import torch.nn as nn
device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
import torch.optim as optim

def cal_base_date():
    #0代表消极，1代表积极
    test=pd.DataFrame({'text':['我想用CNN做个情感分析，这个语句是我喜欢的',
                               '哈哈哈，万年刮痧王李白终于加强了',
                               '这个游戏好极了，个别英雄强度超标，游戏里面英雄种类丰富，我太菜，求大佬带飞',
                               '我觉得是个好游戏',
                               '这个模型准确度好垃圾，我不喜欢',
                               '王者必糊，小学生没防到，还把一群初中生，什么时候没人脸识别，什么时候回归',
                               '快去吧健康系统去掉，不然举报',
                               '垃圾mht,还要人脸识别微信',
                               '那些没脑子玩家就别下载了',
                              ],
                      'label':[1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]})

    return test

def cal_clear_word(test):
    stoplist = [' ', '\n', '，']

    def function(a):
        word_list = [w for w in jieba.cut(a) if w not in list(stoplist)]
        return word_list

    test['text'] = test.apply(lambda x: function(x['text']), axis=1)
    return test

def cal_update_date(test, sequence_length):
    def prepare_sequence(seq):
        idxs = [w for w in seq]
        if len(idxs) >= sequence_length:
            idxs = idxs[:sequence_length]
        else:
            pad_num = sequence_length - len(idxs)
            for i in range(pad_num):
                idxs.append('UNK')
        return idxs

    test['text'] = test.apply(lambda x: prepare_sequence(x['text']), axis=1)
    return test

def cal_word_to_ix(test):
    word_to_ix = {}  # 单词的索引字典
    for sent, tags in test.values:
        for word in sent:
            if word not in word_to_ix:
                word_to_ix[word] = len(word_to_ix)

    def prepare_sequence(seq, to_ix):
        idxs = [to_ix[w] for w in seq]
        return idxs

    test['text'] = test.apply(lambda x: prepare_sequence(x['text'], word_to_ix), axis=1)
    return test, len(word_to_ix)

class TestDataset(data.Dataset):#继承Dataset
    def __init__(self,test):
        self.Data=test['text']#一些由2维向量表示的数据集
        self.Label=test['label']#这是数据集对应的标签

    def __getitem__(self, index):
        #把numpy转换为Tensor
        txt=torch.from_numpy(np.array(self.Data[index]))
        label=torch.tensor(np.array(self.Label[index]))
        return txt,label

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.Data)

class TextCNN(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self,embedding_size, num_classes):
        super(TextCNN, self).__init__()
        self.W = nn.Embedding(vocab_size, embedding_size)
        self.conv = nn.Sequential(
            # conv : [input_channel(=1), output_channel, (filter_height, filter_width), stride=1]
            nn.Conv2d(1, 3, (2, embedding_size)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            # pool : ((filter_height, filter_width))
            nn.MaxPool2d((2, 1)),
        )
        # fc
        self.fc = nn.Linear(12, num_classes)

    def forward(self, X):
        batch_size = X.shape[0]
        embedding_X = self.W(X)  # [batch_size, sequence_length, embedding_size]
        embedding_X = embedding_X.unsqueeze(
            1)  # add channel(=1) [batch, channel(=1), sequence_length, embedding_size]
        conved = self.conv(embedding_X)  # [batch_size, output_channel, 1, 1]
        flatten = conved.view(batch_size, -1)  # [batch_size, output_channel*1*1]
        output = self.fc(flatten)
        return output



# 准备数据
base_df = cal_base_date()
# 结巴分类以及去掉停用词
return_df = cal_clear_word(base_df)
# 规定每个词的长度,针对多余数据进行删除对于多余数据进行填补
sequence_length = 10
return_df = cal_update_date(return_df, sequence_length)
# 将文字转化为数字
return_df, vocab_size = cal_word_to_ix(return_df)
# 将数据转化为pytorch专用数据类型，方便批量化处理
Test=TestDataset(return_df)
batch_size = 3
test_loader = data.DataLoader(Test,batch_size,shuffle=False)
# 调用模型
embedding_size = 2
num_classes = 2
model = TextCNN(embedding_size,num_classes).to(device)
criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss().to(device)
optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=1e-3)

for epoch in range(50):
  for batch_x, batch_y in test_loader:
    batch_x, batch_y = batch_x.to(device).long(), batch_y.to(device).long()
    pred = model(batch_x)
    loss = criterion(pred, batch_y)
    if (epoch + 1) % 10 == 0:
        print('Epoch:', '%04d' % (epoch + 1), 'loss =', '{:.6f}'.format(loss))

    optimizer.zero_grad()
    loss.backward()
    optimizer.step()

# Test
# test_text = 'i hate me'
# tests = [[word2idx[n] for n in test_text.split()]]
# test_batch = torch.LongTensor(tests).to(device)
# # Predict
# model = model.eval()
# predict = model(test_batch).data.max(1, keepdim=True)[1]
# if predict[0][0] == 0:
#     print(test_text,"is Bad Mean...")
# else:
#     print(test_text,"is Good Mean!!")

Epoch: 0010 loss = 0.750256
Epoch: 0010 loss = 0.637410
Epoch: 0010 loss = 0.560465
Epoch: 0020 loss = 0.727384
Epoch: 0020 loss = 0.623586
Epoch: 0020 loss = 0.532217
Epoch: 0030 loss = 0.705179
Epoch: 0030 loss = 0.608043
Epoch: 0030 loss = 0.500805
Epoch: 0040 loss = 0.680783
Epoch: 0040 loss = 0.590005
Epoch: 0040 loss = 0.467500
Epoch: 0050 loss = 0.651597
Epoch: 0050 loss = 0.567914
Epoch: 0050 loss = 0.433917

# 代码少一份真实数据的验证，我等以后加上，有啥问题，进群或者直接留言