思路:
(1)获取图像的特征点,将每张图片的特征点保存到一个vector中;
(2)通过特征点匹配的方法,找到每张图片的共有特征点,并将其保存到一个vector中;
(3)通过RANSAC算法求解出拼接的变换矩阵;
(4)根据变换矩阵对每张图片进行仿射变换;
(5)将拼接后的图片进行裁剪;
(6)将裁剪后的图片拼接起来,最终得到拼接后的图片。
C/C++代码实现:
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// 读取图像
vector<Mat> images;
for (int i = 0; i < imageNum; i++)
{
images.push_back(imread(imagePaths[i]));
}
// 获取每张图片的特征点
vector<vector<KeyPoint>> keypoints;
for (int i = 0; i < imageNum; i++)
{
vector<KeyPoint> kps;
Mat descriptors;
Ptr<FeatureDetector> detector = ORB::create();
detector->detectAndCompute(images[i], Mat(), kps, descriptors);
keypoints.push_back(kps);
}
// 找到共有特征点
vector<Point2f> srcPts, dstPts;
for (int i = 0; i < imageNum; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < imageNum; j++)
{
if (i != j)
{
vector<DMatch> matches;
Ptr<DescriptorMatcher> matcher = DescriptorMatcher::create("BruteForce-Hamming");
matcher->match(descriptors[i], descriptors[j], matches);
// 保存共有特征点
for (int k = 0; k < matches.size(); k++)
{
srcPts.push_back(keypoints[i][matches[k].queryIdx].pt);
dstPts.push_back(keypoints[j][matches[k].trainIdx].pt);
}
}
}
}
// 使用RANSAC算法求解出拼接的变换矩阵
Mat H = findHomography(srcPts, dstPts, RANSAC);
// 根据变换矩阵对每张图片进行仿射变换
vector<Mat> warpedImages;
for (int i = 0; i < imageNum; i++)
{
Mat warpedImage;
warpPerspective(images[i], warpedImage, H, Size(width, height));
warpedImages.push_back(warpedImage);
}
// 将拼接后的图片进行裁剪
Mat result = Mat::zeros(height, width, CV_8UC3);
for (int i = 0; i < imageNum; i++)
{
Mat mask = Mat::zeros(height, width, CV_8UC1);
warpedImages[i].copyTo(result, mask);
}
// 将裁剪后的图片拼接起来
Mat resultImage;
hconcat(warpedImages, resultImage);
// 将拼接后的图片输出
imwrite("result.jpg", resultImage);
return 0;
}