Unity自带函数

 

首先要明确的是MonoBehaviour是每个脚本的基类.每个Javascript脚本自动继承MonoBehaviour.使用C#或Boo时,需要显式继承MonoBehaviour.

以下是一些常用的函数调用顺序的说明：

 

Awake:当一个脚本实例被载入时Awake被调用，要先于Start。建议少用，此刻物体可能还没有实例化出来，会影响程序执行顺序。需要注意的是，假设实例化一个物件：

 

GameObject go = new GameObject();

go.GetComponent().Test();

这个Test()的调用顺序会在Awake()之后，在Start()之前

 

 

Start:Start仅在Update函数第一次被调用前调用。物体实例化完成后调用（估计，没确认）。

 

Update:当MonoBehaviour启用时,其Update在每一帧被调用

 

FixedUpdate:这个函数会在每个固定的物理时间片被调用一次.这是放置游戏基本物理行为代码的地方。UPDATE之后调用。

 

Reset：Reset是在用户点击检视面板的Reset按钮或者首次添加该组件时被调用.此函数只在编辑模式下被调用.Reset最常用于在检视面板中给定一个最常用的默认值.

 

OnDestory:物体被删除时调用。

 

OnEnable：物体启用时被调用。

 

OnDisable:物体被禁用时调用。

 

OnGui:这个函数会每帧调用好几次（每个事件一次），GUI显示函数只能在OnGui中调用。备注：这个各大翻译都直接翻译成每帧调用一次了。

MonoBehaviour

class in UnityEngine

/

Inherits from: Behaviour

Description

MonoBehaviour is the base class every script derives from.

Using Javascript every script automatically derives from MonoBehaviour. When using C# or Boo you have to explicitly derive from MonoBehaviour.

Note: The checkbox for disabling a MonoBehavior (on the editor) will only prevent Start(), Awake(), Update(), FixedUpdate(), and OnGUI() from executing. If none of these functions are present, the checkbox is not displayed.

See Also: The chapter on scripting in the manual.

Variables

useGUILayout

Disabling this lets you skip the GUI layout phase.

Public Functions

CancelInvoke	Cancels all Invoke calls on this MonoBehaviour.
Invoke	Invokes the method methodName in time seconds.
InvokeRepeating	Invokes the method methodName in time seconds, then repeatedly every repeatRate seconds.
IsInvoking	Is any invoke on methodName pending?
StartCoroutine	Starts a coroutine.
StopAllCoroutines	Stops all coroutines running on this behaviour.
StopCoroutine	Stops the first coroutine named methodName, or the coroutine stored in routine running on this behaviour.

Static Functions

print

Logs message to the Unity Console (identical to Debug.Log).

Messages

Awake	Awake is called when the script instance is being loaded.
FixedUpdate	This function is called every fixed framerate frame, if the MonoBehaviour is enabled.
LateUpdate	LateUpdate is called every frame, if the Behaviour is enabled.
OnAnimatorIK	Callback for setting up animation IK (inverse kinematics).
OnAnimatorMove	Callback for processing animation movements for modifying root motion.
OnApplicationFocus	Sent to all game objects when the player gets or loses focus.
OnApplicationPause	Sent to all game objects when the player pauses.
OnApplicationQuit	Sent to all game objects before the application is quit.
OnAudioFilterRead	If OnAudioFilterRead is implemented, Unity will insert a custom filter into the audio DSP chain.
OnBecameInvisible	OnBecameInvisible is called when the renderer is no longer visible by any camera.
OnBecameVisible	OnBecameVisible is called when the renderer became visible by any camera.
OnCollisionEnter	OnCollisionEnter is called when this collider/rigidbody has begun touching another rigidbody/collider.
OnCollisionEnter2D	Sent when an incoming collider makes contact with this object's collider (2D physics only).
OnCollisionExit	OnCollisionExit is called when this collider/rigidbody has stopped touching another rigidbody/collider.
OnCollisionExit2D	Sent when a collider on another object stops touching this object's collider (2D physics only).
OnCollisionStay	OnCollisionStay is called once per frame for every collider/rigidbody that is touching rigidbody/collider.
OnCollisionStay2D	Sent each frame where a collider on another object is touching this object's collider (2D physics only).
OnConnectedToServer	Called on the client when you have successfully connected to a server.
OnControllerColliderHit	OnControllerColliderHit is called when the controller hits a collider while performing a Move.
OnDestroy	This function is called when the MonoBehaviour will be destroyed.
OnDisable	This function is called when the behaviour becomes disabled () or inactive.
OnDisconnectedFromServer	Called on the client when the connection was lost or you disconnected from the server.
OnDrawGizmos	Implement OnDrawGizmos if you want to draw gizmos that are also pickable and always drawn.
OnDrawGizmosSelected	Implement this OnDrawGizmosSelected if you want to draw gizmos only if the object is selected.
OnEnable	This function is called when the object becomes enabled and active.
OnFailedToConnect	Called on the client when a connection attempt fails for some reason.
OnFailedToConnectToMasterServer	Called on clients or servers when there is a problem connecting to the MasterServer.
OnGUI	OnGUI is called for rendering and handling GUI events.
OnJointBreak	Called when a joint attached to the same game object broke.
OnLevelWasLoaded	This function is called after a new level was loaded.
OnMasterServerEvent	Called on clients or servers when reporting events from the MasterServer.
OnMouseDown	OnMouseDown is called when the user has pressed the mouse button while over the GUIElement or Collider.
OnMouseDrag	OnMouseDrag is called when the user has clicked on a GUIElement or Collider and is still holding down the mouse.
OnMouseEnter	Called when the mouse enters the GUIElement or Collider.
OnMouseExit	Called when the mouse is not any longer over the GUIElement or Collider.
OnMouseOver	Called every frame while the mouse is over the GUIElement or Collider.
OnMouseUp	OnMouseUp is called when the user has released the mouse button.
OnMouseUpAsButton	OnMouseUpAsButton is only called when the mouse is released over the same GUIElement or Collider as it was pressed.
OnNetworkInstantiate	Called on objects which have been network instantiated with Network.Instantiate.
OnParticleCollision	OnParticleCollision is called when a particle hits a collider.
OnPlayerConnected	Called on the server whenever a new player has successfully connected.
OnPlayerDisconnected	Called on the server whenever a player disconnected from the server.
OnPostRender	OnPostRender is called after a camera finished rendering the scene.
OnPreCull	OnPreCull is called before a camera culls the scene.
OnPreRender	OnPreRender is called before a camera starts rendering the scene.
OnRenderImage	OnRenderImage is called after all rendering is complete to render image.
OnRenderObject	OnRenderObject is called after camera has rendered the scene.
OnSerializeNetworkView	Used to customize synchronization of variables in a script watched by a network view.
OnServerInitialized	Called on the server whenever a Network.InitializeServer was invoked and has completed.
OnTransformChildrenChanged	This function is called when the list of children of the transform of the GameObject has changed.
OnTransformParentChanged	This function is called when the parent property of the transform of the GameObject has changed.
OnTriggerEnter	OnTriggerEnter is called when the Collider other enters the trigger.
OnTriggerEnter2D	Sent when another object enters a trigger collider attached to this object (2D physics only).
OnTriggerExit	OnTriggerExit is called when the Collider other has stopped touching the trigger.
OnTriggerExit2D	Sent when another object leaves a trigger collider attached to this object (2D physics only).
OnTriggerStay	OnTriggerStay is called once per frame for every Collider other that is touching the trigger.
OnTriggerStay2D	Sent each frame where another object is within a trigger collider attached to this object (2D physics only).
OnValidate	This function is called when the script is loaded or a value is changed in the inspector (Called in the editor only).
OnWillRenderObject	OnWillRenderObject is called once for each camera if the object is visible.
Reset	Reset to default values.
Start	Start is called on the frame when a script is enabled just before any of the Update methods is called the first time.
Update	Update is called every frame, if the MonoBehaviour is enabled.

Inherited members

Variables

enabled	Enabled Behaviours are Updated, disabled Behaviours are not.
isActiveAndEnabled	Has the Behaviour had enabled called.
gameObject	The game object this component is attached to. A component is always attached to a game object.
tag	The tag of this game object.
transform	The Transform attached to this GameObject (null if there is none attached).
hideFlags	Should the object be hidden, saved with the scene or modifiable by the user?
name	The name of the object.

Public Functions

BroadcastMessage	Calls the method named methodName on every MonoBehaviour in this game object or any of its children.
CompareTag	Is this game object tagged with tag ?
GetComponent	Returns the component of Type type if the game object has one attached, null if it doesn't.
GetComponentInChildren	Returns the component of Type type in the GameObject or any of its children using depth first search.
GetComponentInParent	Returns the component of Type type in the GameObject or any of its parents.
GetComponents	Returns all components of Type type in the GameObject.
GetComponentsInChildren	Returns all components of Type type in the GameObject or any of its children.
GetComponentsInParent	Returns all components of Type type in the GameObject or any of its parents.
SendMessage	Calls the method named methodName on every MonoBehaviour in this game object.
SendMessageUpwards	Calls the method named methodName on every MonoBehaviour in this game object and on every ancestor of the behaviour.
GetInstanceID	Returns the instance id of the object.
ToString	Returns the name of the game object.

Static Functions

Destroy	Removes a gameobject, component or asset.
DestroyImmediate	Destroys the object obj immediately. You are strongly recommended to use Destroy instead.
DontDestroyOnLoad	Makes the object target not be destroyed automatically when loading a new scene.
FindObjectOfType	Returns the first active loaded object of Type type.
FindObjectsOfType	Returns a list of all active loaded objects of Type type.
Instantiate	Clones the object original and returns the clone.

Operators

bool	Does the object exist?
operator !=	Compares if two objects refer to a different object.
operator ==	Compares two object references to see if they refer to the same object.

 

 

2018.07.30补充

除了我们最常使用的Awake，Start ，Updata等生命周期函数之外，Unity还有很多的自带函数，，，总结如下：

OnApplicationFocus

OnApplicationPause

OnApplicationQuit

应用程序失去焦点，应用程序暂停，应用程序退出时候发送这些消息。

OnBecameInvisible

OnBecameVisible

当脚本宿主（不）被任何摄像机显示时候发送此消息。

OnCollisionEnter

OnCollisionExit

OnCollisionStay

当其他碰撞或者刚体（collider/rigidbody ）和参数的碰撞或者刚体（collider/rigidbody ）重叠、退出时发送前两个。而当他们保持重叠状态时每帧都会发送一个Stay消息。

OnConnectedToServer

OnDisconnectedFromServer

OnFailedToConnect

OnFailedToConnectToMasterServer

前两个 当客户端成功连接到服务器或者断开服务器时发送此消息。后两个当连接失败时候触发。

OnMasterServerEvent

当Master服务器发送报告时候触发。

OnNetworkInstantiate

当物体被Network.Instantiate时触发。

OnPlayerConnected

OnPlayerDisconnected

在服务端当玩家成功连接/离线时候触发。

OnControllerColliderHit

当控制者和参数ControllerColliderHit碰撞时候触发此消息。官方举例可以用于角色移动一个物体，当角色碰到这个参数物体时候，你可以在这函数里操作移动此物体的动作。

OnParticleCollision

当粒子撞到碰撞体(collider)时触发。

OnDisable

OnEnable

当脚本宿主被启用或者禁用时候触发。

OnDrawGizmos

OnDrawGizmosSelected

编辑器状态时绘制Gizmos和Gizmos被选取时候触发。

OnGUI

绘制GUI时候触发。一般在这个函数里绘制GUI菜单。

OnJointBreak

OnLevelWasLoaded

当新的level（Unity包）读取完毕时候触发。

OnMouseDown

OnMouseDrag

OnMouseEnter

OnMouseExit

OnMouseOver

OnMouseUp

鼠标事件，都是当鼠标和gui或者碰撞体（Collider）交互时候触发。需要说明的是drag其实就是鼠标down后up之前持续每帧都会发送此消息。

OnPostRender

这个函数仅用于宿主为摄像机的脚本。当此摄像机范围内所有渲染都完成时候触发此消息。

OnPreCull

这个函数仅用于宿主为摄像机的脚本。当此摄像机剔除了某个渲染场景时候触发此消息。

OnPreRender

这个函数仅用于宿主为摄像机的脚本。当此摄像机开始渲染某个场景时候触发此消息。

OnRenderImage

当所有渲染完成image的postprocessing effects（只有pro版支持）后触发。

OnRenderObject

这个函数仅用于宿主为摄像机的脚本。当使用Graphics.DrawMeshNow 或者其他函数绘制自己建立的物体渲染完毕时触发。

OnSerializeNetworkView

OnServerInitialized

当 Network.InitializeServer完成时触发。

OnTriggerEnter

OnTriggerExit

OnTriggerStay

当碰撞体(collier)接触触发区域（trigger）时候的一系列消息。

如果有些地方叙述不清楚大家可以查看Unity 圣典API中搜索MonoBehavior 
文章参考自： http://www.manew.com/4936.html