python tkinter + matplotlib构建GUI辅助分析型app

要点：

canvas的创建方式。

更新数据之后要重新调用canvas.draw，才能刷新绘图板。

import numpy
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from shapely.geometry import LineString

def get_rot(angle):
    sina = numpy.sin(angle)
    cosa = numpy.cos(angle)
    ret = numpy.array([[cosa, -sina], [sina, cosa]])
    return ret

R1 = get_rot(0.01)
R2 = get_rot(-0.01)
D = 0.02

class Line:
    def __init__(self, axes, x,y, fmt='b') -> None:
        self.graphic_obj = axes.plot(x,y,fmt)[0]
        self.exterior = axes.plot(*self.geo.buffer(0.1).exterior.xy, 'orange')[0]
        self.interiors = [axes.plot(*hole.xy, 'orange')[0] for hole in self.geo.buffer(0.1).interiors]

    @property
    def geo(self):
        return LineString(zip(*self.graphic_obj.get_data()))

    def update_buffer(self):
        self.exterior.set_data(*self.geo.buffer(0.1).exterior.xy)
        [x.set_data(*self.geo.buffer(0.1).interiors[idx].xy) for idx,x in enumerate(self.interiors)]

    def rot(self, rot):
        x, y = self.graphic_obj.get_data()
        cx,cy = numpy.mean(x), numpy.mean(y)
        xy = numpy.vstack([x-cx, y-cy])
        xy = rot.dot(xy)
        x = xy[0,:] + cx
        y = xy[1,:] + cy
        self.graphic_obj.set_data(x,y)
        self.update_buffer()

    def mv_x(self, dx):
        x = self.graphic_obj.get_xdata()
        self.graphic_obj.set_xdata(x+dx)
        self.update_buffer()

    def mv_y(self, dy):
        y = self.graphic_obj.get_ydata()
        self.graphic_obj.set_ydata(y+dy)
        self.update_buffer()

class Form:
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        import tkinter as tk
        from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
        self.root = tk.Tk()
        fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,4), dpi=100)
        self.axes = fig.gca()
        print(self.axes)
        self.axes.axis([0,4,0,6])
        self.axes.set_aspect(1)
        self.line = Line(self.axes, [1,2,1.5,1], [1,1,2,1], 'b')
        self.ref  = Line(self.axes, [1,2,1.5,1], [1,1,2,1], 'r')
        self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, self.root)
        self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
        self.text = self.axes.text(3,4, str(self.judge(self.line, self.ref)))
        self.canvas.draw()
        self.root.bind("<Key>", self.action)
        self.root.mainloop()

    def action(self, event):
        c = event.char
        print(event, c)
        if c == "w":
            self.line.mv_y(D)
        elif c == "s":
            self.line.mv_y(-D)
        elif c == "a":
            self.line.mv_x(-D)
        elif c == "d":
            self.line.mv_x(D)
        elif c == "q":
            self.line.rot(R1)
        elif c == "e":
            self.line.rot(R2)
        ret = self.judge(self.line, self.ref)
        self.update_info(str(ret))
        self.canvas.draw()
    
    def update_info(self, msg):
        self.text.set_text(msg)

    @staticmethod
    def judge(a, b):
        g1 = a.geo.buffer(0.1)
        g2 = b.geo.buffer(0.1)
        ia = g1.intersection(g2)
        ua = g1.union(g2)
        iou = ia.area/ ua.area
        return iou

Form()