OpenCV图像处理——直方图

灰度直方图

原理

直方图的计算和绘制

cv.calcHist(images,channels,mask,histsize,ranges[,hist[,accumlate]])

import numpy as np
import cv2 as cv
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

img=cv.imread('./汪学长的随堂资料/4/图像操作/cat.jpg',0)
hist=cv.calcHist([img],[0],None,[256],[0,256])
plt.figure(figsize=(10,8))
plt.plot(hist)
plt.show()

掩模的应用

mask=np.zeros(img.shape[:2],np.uint8)
mask[50:200,50:200]=1
mask_img=cv.bitwise_and(img,img,mask=mask)
plt.imshow(mask_img,cmap='gray')

mask_hist=cv.calcHist([img],[0],mask,[256],[0,256])
plt.plot(mask_hist)
plt.show()

直方图均衡化

原理与应用

dst=cv.equalizeHist(img)

dst=cv.equalizeHist(img)
plt.imshow(dst,cmap='gray')

自适应的直方图均衡化

cv.createCLAHE(clipLimit,tileGridSize)

cl=cv.createCLAHE(2.0,(8,8))
clahe=cl.apply(img)
plt.imshow(clahe,cmap='gray')