可编程渲染管线OpenGL学习随笔（13）--基础光照

代码

#include<glad/glad.h>
#include<GLFW/glfw3.h>

#include"camera.h"
#include"Shader.h"

#include<glm/glm.hpp>
#include<glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include<glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

const int SCR_WIDTH = 800;
const int SCR_HEIGHT = 600;

Camera camera(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 3.0f));
float lastX = SCR_WIDTH / 2.0f;
float lastY = SCR_HEIGHT / 2.0f;
bool firstMouse = true;

float deltaTime = 0.0f;
float lastFrame = 0.0f;

//光源位置
glm::vec3 lightPos(1.2f, 1.0f, 2.0f);

void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window,int width,int height)
{
	glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
}

void processInput(GLFWwindow* window)
{
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
		glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);

	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_W) == GLFW_PRESS)
		camera.ProcessKeyboard(FORWARD, deltaTime);
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_S) == GLFW_PRESS)
		camera.ProcessKeyboard(BACKWARD, deltaTime);
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_A) == GLFW_PRESS)
		camera.ProcessKeyboard(LEFT, deltaTime);
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_D) == GLFW_PRESS)
		camera.ProcessKeyboard(RIGHT, deltaTime);
}

void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow*window, double xpos, double ypos)
{
	if (firstMouse)
	{
		lastX = xpos;
		lastY = ypos;
		firstMouse = false;
	}
	float xoffset = xpos  - lastX;
	float yoffset = lastY - ypos;
	
	lastX = xpos;
	lastY = ypos;

	camera.ProcessMouseMovement(xoffset, yoffset);
}

void scroll_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xoffset, double yoffset)
{
	camera.ProcessMouseScroll(yoffset);
}

int main()
{
	//glfw初始化
	glfwInit();
	//版本
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
	//模式
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);

	//创建窗口
	GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT,"OpenGLPhongModel", NULL, NULL);
	if (window == NULL)
	{
		cout << "Failed to create GLFW window" << endl;
		glfwTerminate();
		return -1;
	}
	//联系上下文
	glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
	//注册回调函数
	glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback);
	glfwSetCursorPosCallback(window, mouse_callback);
	glfwSetScrollCallback(window, scroll_callback);

	//隐藏光标
	glfwSetInputMode(window, GLFW_CURSOR, GLFW_CURSOR_DISABLED);

	//初始化glad
	if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress))
	{
		cout << "Failed to initialize GLAD" << endl;
		return -1;
	}

	//开启深度缓存
	glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

	//创建着色程序
	Shader lightingShader("basiclightvshader.txt", "basiclightfshader.txt");
	Shader lightCubeShader("lightcubevshader.txt", "lightcubefshader.txt");

	//顶点坐标
	float vertices[] = {
		//顶点坐标              法向量
		-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
		 0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
		 0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
		 0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
		-0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
		-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,

		-0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,
		 0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,
		 0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,
		 0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,
		-0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,
		-0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,

		-0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
		-0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
		-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
		-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
		-0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
		-0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,

		0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
		0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
		0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
		0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
		0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
		0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,

		-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,
		 0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,
		 0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,
		 0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,
		-0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,
		-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,

		-0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,
		 0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,
		 0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,
		 0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,
		-0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,
		-0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f
	};

	//建立顶点数组、缓冲对象
	//cube对象
	unsigned int VBO, cubeVAO;
	glGenVertexArrays(1, &cubeVAO);
	glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);

	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);
	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

	glBindVertexArray(cubeVAO);
	//位置属性
	glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
	//法向属性
	glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float)));
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);

    //light对象
	unsigned int lightCubeVAO;
	glGenVertexArrays(1, &lightCubeVAO);
	glBindVertexArray(lightCubeVAO);

	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);

	//属性
	glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);

	//渲染
	while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
	{
		float currentFrame = glfwGetTime();
		deltaTime = currentFrame - lastFrame;
		lastFrame = currentFrame;
		//交互
		processInput(window);

		//背景颜色
		glClearColor(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f, 1.0f);
		glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

		//cube对象
		//使用着色器
		lightingShader.use();
		lightingShader.setVec3("objectColor", 1.0f, 0.5f, 0.31f);
		lightingShader.setVec3("lightColor", 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
		lightingShader.setVec3("lightPos", lightPos);

		glm::mat4 projection = glm::perspective(glm::radians(camera.Zoom), (float)SCR_WIDTH / (float)SCR_HEIGHT, 0.1f, 100.0f);
		glm::mat4 view = camera.GetViewMatrix();
		lightingShader.setMat4("projection", projection);
		lightingShader.setMat4("view", view);

		//世界坐标
		glm::mat4 model = glm::mat4(1.0f);
		lightingShader.setMat4("model", model);

		//绑定顶点数组
		glBindVertexArray(cubeVAO);
		glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);

		//light对象
		lightCubeShader.use();
		lightCubeShader.setMat4("projection", projection);
		lightCubeShader.setMat4("view", view);
		model = glm::mat4(1.0f);
		model = glm::translate(model, lightPos);
		model = glm::scale(model, glm::vec3(0.2f));
		lightCubeShader.setMat4("model", model);

		glBindVertexArray(lightCubeVAO);
		glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);

		//交换缓存
		glfwSwapBuffers(window);
		//触发事件
		glfwPollEvents();
	}
	//删除对象
	glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &cubeVAO);
	glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &lightCubeVAO);
	glDeleteBuffers(1, &VBO);

	glfwTerminate();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

顶点着色器

#version 330 core
layout (location=0) in vec3 aPos;
layout (location=1) in vec3 aNormal;

out vec3 FragPos;
out vec3 Normal;

uniform mat4 model;
uniform mat4 view;
uniform mat4 projection;

void main()
{
FragPos=vec3(model*vec4(aPos,1.0));
Normal=mat3(transpose(inverse(model)))*aNormal;

gl_Position=projection*view*vec4(FragPos,1.0);
}

片段着色器

#version 330 core
out vec4 FragColor;

in vec3 Normal;
in vec3 FragPos;

uniform vec3 lightPos;
uniform vec3 lightColor;
uniform vec3 objectColor;

void main()
{
//环境光
float ambientStrength=0.1;
vec3 ambient=ambientStrength*lightColor;

//漫反射
vec3 norm =normalize(Normal);
vec3 lightDir=normalize(lightPos-FragPos);
float diff=max(dot(norm,lightDir),0.0);
vec3 diffuse=diff*lightColor;

vec3 result=(ambient+diffuse)*objectColor;
FragColor=vec4(result,1.0);
}

效果展示