linux驱动之休眠与唤醒

休眠唤醒

想要达到的效果:
应用程序对设备文件进行read操作时, 如果没有数据则程序休眠, 直到有数据时程序被唤醒.

休眠函数
头文件 include\linux\wait.h

**wait_event_interruptible(wq, condition) **
休眠，直到condition为真；
休眠期间是可被打断的，可以被信号打断

wq参数是 wait_queue_head_t
condition 作为一个判断条件语句
#define wait_event_interruptible(wq, condition)				\
({									\
	int __ret = 0;							\
	might_sleep();							\
	if (!(condition))						\
		__ret = __wait_event_interruptible(wq, condition);	\
	__ret;								\
})

wait_event(wq, condition)
休眠，直到condition为真；信号不能打断;

#define wait_event(wq, condition)					\
do {									\
	might_sleep();							\
	if (condition)							\
		break;							\
	__wait_event(wq, condition);					\
} while (0)

wait_event_interruptible_timeout(wq, condition, timeout)
休眠，直到condition为真或超时；
休眠期间是可被打断的，可以被信号打断;

#define wait_event_interruptible_timeout(wq, condition, timeout)	\
({									\
	long __ret = timeout;						\
	might_sleep();							\
	if (!___wait_cond_timeout(condition))				\
		__ret = __wait_event_interruptible_timeout(wq,		\
						condition, timeout);	\
	__ret;								\
})

wait_event_timeout(wq, condition, timeout)
休眠，直到condition为真或超时；
休眠期间是可被打断的，不可以被信号打断;

#define wait_event_interruptible_timeout(wq, condition, timeout)	\
({									\
	long __ret = timeout;						\
	might_sleep();							\
	if (!___wait_cond_timeout(condition))				\
		__ret = __wait_event_interruptible_timeout(wq,		\
						condition, timeout);	\
	__ret;								\
})

唤醒函数

wake_up_interruptible
唤醒x队列中状态为“TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE”的线程，只唤醒其中的一个线程

#define wake_up_interruptible(x)	__wake_up(x, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE, 1, NULL)

wake_up_interruptible_nr(x, nr)
唤醒x队列中状态为“TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE”的线程，只唤醒其中的nr个线程

#define wake_up_interruptible_nr(x, nr)	__wake_up(x, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE, nr, NULL)

wake_up_interruptible_all(x)
唤醒x队列中状态为“TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE”的线程，唤醒其中的所有线程

#define wake_up_interruptible_all(x)	__wake_up(x, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE, 0, NULL)

wake_up(x)
唤醒x队列中状态为“TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE”或“TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE”的线程，只唤醒其中的一个线程

#define wake_up(x)			__wake_up(x, TASK_NORMAL, 1, NULL)

wake_up_nr(x, nr)
唤醒x队列中状态为“TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE”或“TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE”的线程，只唤醒其中nr个线程

#define wake_up_nr(x, nr)		__wake_up(x, TASK_NORMAL, nr, NULL)

wake_up_all(x)
唤醒x队列中状态为“TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE”或“TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE”的线程，唤醒其中的所有线程

#define wake_up_all(x)			__wake_up(x, TASK_NORMAL, 0, NULL)

初始化 wait_queue_head_t 类型
使用DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(wq)

编码:
在带有中断的设备驱动程序的框架上进行
驱动程序:

#include <linux/module.h>

#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/major.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/stat.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/kmod.h>
#include <linux/gfp.h>
#include <linux/gpio/consumer.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/of_gpio.h>
#include <linux/of_irq.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>


struct gpio_key{
	int gpio;
	struct gpio_desc *gpiod;
	int flag;
	int irq;
} ;

static struct gpio_key *gpio_keys_array;

/* 主设备号                                                                 */
static int major = 0;
static struct class *gpio_key_class;

/* 环形缓冲区 */
#define BUF_LEN 128
static int g_keys[BUF_LEN];
static int r, w;

#define NEXT_POS(x) ((x+1) % BUF_LEN)

static int is_key_buf_empty(void)
{
	return (r == w);
}

static int is_key_buf_full(void)
{
	return (r == NEXT_POS(w));
}

static void put_key(int key)
{
	if (!is_key_buf_full())
	{
		g_keys[w] = key;
		w = NEXT_POS(w);
	}
}

static int get_key(void)
{
	int key = 0;
	if (!is_key_buf_empty())
	{
		key = g_keys[r];
		r = NEXT_POS(r);
	}
	return key;
}


//休眠唤醒关键函数              wait_event_interruptible      wake_up_interruptible

static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(gpio_key_wait);

/* 实现对应的open/read/write等函数，填入file_operations结构体                   */
static ssize_t gpio_key_drv_read (struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *offset)
{
	//printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
	int err;
	int key;
	
	wait_event_interruptible(gpio_key_wait, !is_key_buf_empty());//数据缓存为空 则休眠
	key = get_key();
	err = copy_to_user(buf, &key, 4);
	
	return 4;
}


/* 定义自己的file_operations结构体                                              */
static struct file_operations gpio_key_drv = {
	.owner	 = THIS_MODULE,
	.read    = gpio_key_drv_read,
};


static irqreturn_t gpio_key_isr(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
	struct gpio_key *gpio_key = dev_id;
	int val;
	int key;
	
	val = gpiod_get_value(gpio_key->gpiod);
	

	printk("key %d %d\n", gpio_key->gpio, val);
	key = (gpio_key->gpio << 8) | val;
	put_key(key);
	wake_up_interruptible(&gpio_key_wait);  //唤醒队列
	
	return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

/* 1. 从platform_device获得GPIO
 * 2. gpio=>irq
 * 3. request_irq
 */
static int gpio_key_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	int err;
	struct device_node *node = pdev->dev.of_node;
	int count;
	int i;
	enum of_gpio_flags flag;
		
	printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);

	count = of_gpio_count(node);
	if (!count)
	{
		printk("%s %s line %d, there isn't any gpio available\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
		return -1;
	}

	gpio_keys_array = kzalloc(sizeof(struct gpio_key) * count, GFP_KERNEL);
	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
	{
		gpio_keys_array[i].gpio = of_get_gpio_flags(node, i, &flag);
		if (gpio_keys_array[i].gpio < 0)
		{
			printk("%s %s line %d, of_get_gpio_flags fail\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
			return -1;
		}
		gpio_keys_array[i].gpiod = gpio_to_desc(gpio_keys_array[i].gpio);
		gpio_keys_array[i].flag = flag & OF_GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW;
		gpio_keys_array[i].irq  = gpio_to_irq(gpio_keys_array[i].gpio);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
	{
		err = request_irq(gpio_keys_array[i].irq, gpio_key_isr, 
						IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING | IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, 
						"gpio_key", &gpio_keys_array[i]); //注册中断服务程序
	}

	/* 注册file_operations 	*/
	major = register_chrdev(0, "gpio_key", &gpio_key_drv);  /* /dev/gpio_key */

	gpio_key_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "gpio_key_class");
	if (IS_ERR(gpio_key_class)) {
		printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
		unregister_chrdev(major, "gpio_key");
		return PTR_ERR(gpio_key_class);
	}

	device_create(gpio_key_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "gpio_key"); /* /dev/gpio_key */
        
    return 0;
    
}

static int gpio_key_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	//int err;
	struct device_node *node = pdev->dev.of_node;
	int count;
	int i;

	device_destroy(gpio_key_class, MKDEV(major, 0));
	class_destroy(gpio_key_class);
	unregister_chrdev(major, "gpio_key");

	count = of_gpio_count(node);
	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
	{
		free_irq(gpio_keys_array[i].irq, &gpio_keys_array[i]);
	}
	kfree(gpio_keys_array);
    return 0;
}


static const struct of_device_id keys[] = {
    { .compatible = "jzy,gpio_key" },
    { },
};

/* 1. 定义platform_driver */
static struct platform_driver gpio_keys_driver = {
    .probe      = gpio_key_probe,
    .remove     = gpio_key_remove,
    .driver     = {
        .name   = "gpio_key",
        .of_match_table = keys,
    },
};

/* 2. 在入口函数注册platform_driver */
static int __init gpio_key_init(void)
{
    int err;
    
	printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
	
    err = platform_driver_register(&gpio_keys_driver); 
	
	return err;
}

/* 3. 有入口函数就应该有出口函数：卸载驱动程序时，就会去调用这个出口函数
 *     卸载platform_driver
 */
static void __exit gpio_key_exit(void)
{
	printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);

    platform_driver_unregister(&gpio_keys_driver);
}


/* 7. 其他完善：提供设备信息，自动创建设备节点                                     */

module_init(gpio_key_init);
module_exit(gpio_key_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

应用程序:

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>


int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int fd;
	int val;
	
	/* 1. 判断参数 */
	if (argc != 2) 
	{
		printf("Usage: %s <dev>\n", argv[0]);
		return -1;
	}

	/* 2. 打开文件 */
	fd = open(argv[1], O_RDWR);
	if (fd == -1)
	{
		printf("can not open file %s\n", argv[1]);
		return -1;
	}

	while (1)
	{
		/* 3. 读文件 */
		read(fd, &val, 4); //这里没有数据的话会被驱动休眠
		printf("get button : 0x%x\n", val);
	}
	
	close(fd);
	
	return 0;
}