Haclon例程学习（锡膏检测）

board.hdev: Detection of missing solder（检测缺失的锡膏）

检测原理：

根据图像可知焊盘有锡膏部分有白色亮边，而没有锡膏部分为黑色（红圈区域），通过提取焊盘和亮边区域减出无锡膏部分。

首先附上完整代码：

 1. board.hdev: Detection of missing solder
 2. 
get_system ('clip_region', Information)
set_system ('clip_region', 'true')
dev_update_window ('off')
dev_close_window ()
dev_open_window (0, 0, 512, 512, 'black', WindowID)
read_image (Images, ['ic0','ic1','ic2','ic3'])
channels_to_image (Images, Ic)
select_obj (Images, Input1, 1)
dev_display (Input1)
set_display_font (WindowID, 14, 'mono', 'false', 'false')
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
select_obj (Images, Input2, 2)
dev_display (Input2)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
select_obj (Images, Input3, 3)
dev_display (Input3)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
select_obj (Images, Input4, 4)
dev_display (Input4)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
mean_n (Ic, ImageMean)
dev_display (ImageMean)
threshold (Images, Darks, 0, 40)
union1 (Darks, Dark)
fill_up (Dark, DarkFilled)
dev_set_color ('green')
dev_display (DarkFilled)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
threshold (Images, Lights, 100, 255)
union1 (Lights, Light)
intersection (DarkFilled, Light, Intersection)
dev_display (ImageMean)
dev_display (Intersection)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
complement (DarkFilled, Back)
dev_set_color ('red')
dev_display (Back)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
expand_region (Intersection, Back, RegionExpanded, 10, 'image')
fill_up (RegionExpanded, Good)
dev_display (ImageMean)
dev_set_color ('green')
dev_display (Good)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
difference (DarkFilled, Good, Rest)
dev_set_color ('red')
dev_display (Rest)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
expand_gray (Rest, Ic, Good, Bad, 6, 'image', 5)
dev_display (Bad)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
connection (Bad, ConnectedBad)
select_shape (ConnectedBad, BigBad, 'area', 'and', 150, 99999)
area_center (BigBad, AreaBad, Row, Column)
count_obj (BigBad, NumMissingSolder)
AreaMissingSolder := sum(AreaBad)
dev_display (Images)
dev_set_color ('green')
dev_set_draw ('margin')
dev_set_line_width (3)
dev_display (Good)
dev_set_color ('red')
dev_display (BigBad)
dev_set_draw ('fill')
dev_set_line_width (1)
dev_update_window ('on')
set_system ('clip_region', Information)

首先读取图

get_system ('clip_region', Information)
set_system ('clip_region', 'true')
dev_update_window ('off')
dev_close_window ()
dev_open_window (0, 0, 512, 512, 'black', WindowID)
read_image (Images, ['ic0','ic1','ic2','ic3'])
channels_to_image (Images, Ic)
select_obj (Images, Input1, 1)
dev_display (Input1)
set_display_font (WindowID, 14, 'mono', 'false', 'false')
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
select_obj (Images, Input2, 2)
dev_display (Input2)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
select_obj (Images, Input3, 3)
dev_display (Input3)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
select_obj (Images, Input4, 4)
dev_display (Input4)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()

待检测锡膏图像

上图锡膏图像中有亮边的有锡膏，纯黑无锡膏。

焊盘区域提取

通过观察发现焊盘亮度较低，通过阈值可将区域提取的，但是存在区域中间缺失的情况所以需要使用填充功能。

mean_n (Ic, ImageMean) 
dev_display (ImageMean)
threshold (Images, Darks, 0, 40)
union1 (Darks, Dark)
fill_up (Dark, DarkFilled)

有锡膏部分外轮廓提取

通过阈值提取高亮部分，同时与焊盘做交集，获得高亮得外轮廓，由于外轮廓不是封闭的所以不能用fill_up将区域填充，因此需要用到区域扩展功能，而我们需要避免向基板扩张所以需要先提取基板。

基板提取

基板为焊盘的补集合。
这里建议使用difference算子，当你实际检测过程中，可能是小区域检测，而当焊盘没有检测到时，使用complement 会导致基板区域返回为整图。

complement (DarkFilled, Back)

锡膏部分提取

扩展锡膏高亮区域，避开基板

expand_region (Intersection, Back, RegionExpanded, 10, 'image')
fill_up (RegionExpanded, Good)

无锡膏部分提取

通过基板减锡膏部分，在通过灰度近似获取完整区域；最后通过面积筛选过滤噪声获得无锡膏部分。

difference (DarkFilled, Good, Rest)
expand_gray (Rest, Ic, Good, Bad, 6, 'image', 5)
connection (Bad, ConnectedBad)
select_shape (ConnectedBad, BigBad, 'area', 'and', 150, 99999)
area_center (BigBad, AreaBad, Row, Column)
count_obj (BigBad, NumMissingSolder)

学习总结：

这里主要学习使用算子
fill_up：对于区域进行填充。
expand_region：对指定区域进行填充
expand_gray向灰度近似区域进行扩展

看到这里，不妨点个呗。