opencv004-图像操作（像素操作）

 读写像素：

l读一个GRAY像素点的像素值（CV_8UC1）

Scalar intensity = img.at<uchar>(y, x);

或者 Scalar intensity = img.at<uchar>(Point(x, y));

 

l读一个RGB像素点的像素值

Vec3f intensity = img.at<Vec3f>(y, x);

float blue = intensity.val[0];

float green = intensity.val[1];

float red = intensity.val[2];

修改像素值

l灰度图像

img.at<uchar>(y, x) = 128;

 

lRGB三通道图像

img.at<Vec3b>(y,x)[0]=128; // blue

img.at<Vec3b>(y,x)[1]=128; // green

img.at<Vec3b>(y,x)[2]=128; // red

 

l空白图像赋值

img = Scalar(0);

 

lROI选择

Rect r(10, 10, 100, 100);

Mat smallImg = img(r);

lVec3b与Vec3F：

Vec3b对应三通道的顺序是blue、green、red的uchar类型数据。

lVec3f对应三通道的float类型数据

l把CV_8UC1转换到CV32F1实现如下：

src.convertTo(dst, CV_32F);

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
	Mat src,gray_src;
	src = imread("C:/Users/liyangxian/Desktop/bjl/nm2.jpg");
	if (src.empty()) {
		cout << "no load" << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	namedWindow("input", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input", src);
	cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);

	namedWindow("gray image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	//imshow("gray image", gray_src);
	int height = gray_src.rows;//hang
	int width = gray_src.cols;//lie
	//单通道对像素进行操作
	for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
		for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
			int gray = gray_src.at<char>(row, col);
			gray_src.at<char>(row, col)=255-gray;//对像素进行操作，反差
		}
	}

	Mat dst;
	dst.create(src.size(), src.type());
	height = dst.rows;
	width = dst.cols;
	int nc = src.channels();
	
	for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
		for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
			if (nc == 1) {
			int gray = gray_src.at<char>(row, col);
			gray_src.at<char>(row, col) = 255 - gray;//对像素进行操作，反差
			}
			else if(nc==3){
				int b = src.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0];//读取通道值
				int g = src.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1];
				int r = src.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2];
				dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = 255 - b;
				dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = 255 - g;//修改通道值
				dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = 255 - r;

				gray_src.at<uchar>(row, col) = max(r, max(b, g));//取各个像素中（bgr）的最大值转换为灰度
			}
		}
	}
	//bitwise_not(src, dst);//同上述代码，反差图片
	imshow("反差图", dst);
	imshow("output", gray_src);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}