图像特征检测方法—SIFT的Python实现

4 可视化连接图像

首先通过图像间是否具有匹配的局部描述子来定义图像间的连接，然后可视化这些连接情况。为了完成可视化，可以在图中显示这些图像，图的边代表连接。这里使用pydot工具包，该工具包是功能强大的GraphViz图形库的Python接口。
安装时，需要先安装graphviz-2.38.msi，再运行命令pip install pydot，最后可在系统路径PATH中添加graphviz的路径：C:\Program Files (x86)\Graphviz2.38\bin。注意：pydot的Node节点添加图片时，图片的路径需要为绝对路径，且分隔符为/。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PIL import Image
from pylab import *
from numpy import *
import os
import pydot
import sift

def get_imlist(path):
    return [os.path.join(path,f) for f in os.listdir(path) if f.endswith('.jpg')]


# pydot需要绝对路径，路径分隔符为/而非\
download_path = "D:/Program/PythonTest/PythonTest/data/panoimages"
path = "D:/Program/PythonTest/PythonTest/data/panoimages/"

# list of downloaded filenames
imlist = get_imlist(download_path)
nbr_images = len(imlist)

# extract features
featlist = [imname[:-3] + 'sift' for imname in imlist]
for i, imname in enumerate(imlist):
    sift.process_image(imname, featlist[i])

matchscores = zeros((nbr_images, nbr_images))

for i in range(nbr_images):
    for j in range(i, nbr_images): #only compute upper triangle
        print 'comparing ', imlist[i], imlist[j]
        l1, d1 = sift.read_features_from_file(featlist[i])
        l2, d2 = sift.read_features_from_file(featlist[j])
        matches = sift.match_twosided(d1, d2)
        nbr_matches = sum(matches>0)
        print 'number of matches = ', nbr_matches
        matchscores[i,j] = nbr_matches
print "The match scores is: \n", matchscores

# copy values
for i in range(nbr_images):
    for j in range(i + 1, nbr_images): # no need to copy diagonal
        matchscores[j, i] = matchscores[i, j]

# 可视化
threshold = 2 # min number of matches needed to craete link

g = pydot.Dot(graph_type='graph') # don't want the default directed graph

for i in range(nbr_images):
    for j in range(i+1, nbr_images):
        if matchscores[i,j] > threshold:
            #图像对中的第一幅图像
            im = Image.open(imlist[i])
            im.thumbnail((100,100))
            filename = path + str(i) + '.png'
            im.save(filename) #需要一定大小的临时文件
            g.add_node(pydot.Node(str(i), fontcolor='transparent',
                       shape='rectangle', image=filename))

            #图像对中的第二幅图像
            im = Image.open(imlist[j])
            im.thumbnail((100,100))
            filename = path + str(j) + '.png'
            im.save(filename) #需要一定大小的临时文件
            g.add_node(pydot.Node(str(j), fontcolor='transparent',
                       shape='rectangle', image=filename))
            g.add_edge(pydot.Edge(str(i), str(j)))
g.write_png('whitehouse.png')

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