2018.8.4 记录

**************************链表****************************
#单链表，静态链表，循环链表，双向链表。

#***单链表：
单个结点 ：分为数据域和指针域
头结点：并不是所有链表都有头结点、头结点数据域不保存数据。
头指针：保存头结点地址的指针称为头指针。

struct student
{   //数据域
    char name[20];
    int age;
    char sex;     

   //指针域

 struct student *next
};

插入结点步骤：
1.移动指针（指向要插入结点的前一个结点地址）
2.分配空间
3.操作指针

头文件

#ifndef _LinkList_h
#define _LinkList_h
#define SUCCESS    11111
#define FAILURE    22222
#define TRUE       33333
#define FALSE      44444

typedef int ElemType;

struct Node
{
	ElemType data; // 数据域
	
	struct Node *next;// 指针域
};

typedef struct Node node;

int LinkInit(node **l);

int LinkInsrt(node *l,int n,ElemType e );

int LinkTraverse(node* l, void(*p)(ElemType));

int LinkReverse(node *l);

int LinkLength(node* l);

int LinkEmpty(node *l);

int GetElem(node *l,int p,ElemType *e);

int LinkLocateElem(node *l,ElemType e,int(*p)(ElemType,ElemType));

int LinkListDetele(node *l,int p,ElemType *e);

int LinkClear(node *l);

int LinkDestory(node **l);

#endif

功能函数

#include<stdio.h>
#include"LinkList.h"
#include<stdlib.h>

int LinkInit(node **l)
{
	*l = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node)*1);// 给头结点分配空间，l 是头指针。 
	if( NULL == *l)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	(*l)->next = NULL;
	return SUCCESS;
}

int LinkInsrt(node *l,int n,ElemType e )//n为插入的位置，从第一个后面开始插入
{
	node *p = l,*q;
	q = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node)*1);
	
	int k = 1;//用于计数
	
	if( NULL == l)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	while ( k < n && NULL != p)
	{
		p = p->next;
		k++;
	}
	//循环结束时， k必然等于n
	if( k > n && NULL == p)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	
	q ->data = e; //数据域
	q ->next = p->next;
	p ->next = q;
	
	return SUCCESS;
}

int LinkTraverse(node* l, void(*p)(ElemType))
{
	if( NULL == l)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	
	node* q = l;
	while( q->next )
	{
		q = q->next;
		p(q ->data);
	}
	printf("\n");
	return SUCCESS;
}

int LinkReverse(node *l)
{
	if( NULL == l )
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	
	node* p = l->next;
	l->next = NULL;
	
	while( p != NULL )
	{
		node* q = p;
		p = p->next;
		q->next = l->next;
		l->next = q;
	}
	return SUCCESS;
}

int LinkLength(node* l)
{
	if( NULL == l)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	int ret = 0;
	node* p = l->next;
	while(p)
	{
		ret++;
		p = p->next;
	}
	return ret;
}

int LinkEmpty(node *l)
{
	int ret;
	ret = ( NULL == l->next)?TRUE:FALSE;
	return ret;
}


int GetElem(node *l,int p,ElemType *e)
{
	if( NULL == l || p < 1)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	
	node* q = l;
	int i;
	for( i = 0; i < p && q != NULL ; i++)//循环p次，同时满足q不为空，
	//因为如果p过大，则会直接移动到最后一个 （NULL） 。
	{
		q = q->next;
	}
	
	if( !q ) // 如果q不是空指针
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	
	*e = q->data; // q已经指向第p个结点；
	
	return SUCCESS;
}

int LinkLocateElem(node *l,ElemType e,int(*p)(ElemType,ElemType))
{
	if( NULL == l)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	
	node* q = l;
	int location = 0;
	
	while( q -> next )
	{	
		q = q->next;
		location++;
		if ( TRUE == p(e,q->data) )
		{
			return location;
		}
	}
	return FAILURE;
}

int LinkListDetele(node *l,int p,ElemType *e)
{
	int k = 1;
	node* q = l;
	node* n;//用于先保存要删除的指针地址
	if( NULL == l)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	while ( k < p && NULL != q)
	{
		q = q->next;
		k++;
	}
	//循环结束时， k必然等于n
	if( k > p && NULL == q)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	
	    n    = q -> next; //先把 要被删除的地址存入n
	    *e   = n -> data; //保存 要被删除的地址里的值
	q ->next = n -> next; //将指针指向下下个地址
		free ( n ) ;       //释放掉被删除原先的地址

	return SUCCESS;	
}

int LinkClear(node *l)
{
	node* p = l;
	if( NULL == l )
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	while( p )
	{
		l->next = p->next;
		free( p );
		p = l->next;
	}
	return SUCCESS;
}

int LinkDestory(node **l)
{
	if( NULL == l )
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	free(*l);
	(*l) = NULL;
	return SUCCESS;
}

主函数

#include<stdio.h>
#include"LinkList.h"
#include<time.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

void print(ElemType e)
{
	printf("%d ",e);
}

int equal(ElemType e1,ElemType e2)
{
	int ret;
	ret = ( e1 == e2 )? TRUE:FALSE;
	return ret;
}
int main()
{
	node *first = NULL;  //first 为头指针。
	int ret,i;
	srand(time(NULL));
	
	ret = LinkInit(&first);
	if( ret == SUCCESS)
	{
		printf("Init success!\n");
	}
	else if( FAILURE == ret)
	{
		printf("Init failure!\n");
	}
         	
	for( i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
	{
		ret = LinkInsrt(first, i /*+1*/,rand()%10 );
		if( SUCCESS == ret)
		{
			printf("insrt success!\n");
		}
		if( FAILURE == ret)
		{
			printf("failure!\n");
		}
	}
	
	ret = LinkTraverse(first,print);
	if( SUCCESS == ret)
	{
		printf("traverse success!\n");
	}
	if( FAILURE == ret)
	{
		printf("traverse failure!\n");
	}
	
	ret = LinkReverse(first);
	if( SUCCESS == ret )
	{
		printf("reverse success!\n");
	} 
	if( FAILURE == ret )
	{
		printf("reverse failure!\n");
	}
	
	ret = LinkTraverse(first,print);
	if( SUCCESS == ret)
	{
		printf("traverse success!\n");
	}
	if( FAILURE == ret)
	{
		printf("traverse failure!\n");
	}

	ret = LinkLength(first);
	if( FAILURE == ret )
	{
		printf("no length!\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("the length is %d\n",ret);
	}


	ret = LinkEmpty(first);
	if( ret == TRUE )
	{
		printf("list is empty!\n");
	}
	else if( ret == FALSE)
	{
		printf("list isn't empty!\n");
	}
	
	
	int p = 3;
	ElemType e;
	ret = GetElem(first,p,&e);
	if( FAILURE == ret )
	{
		printf("Get Elem Failure!\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("the %dth elem is the number:'%d'\n",p,e);
	}
	
	ElemType x = 4;
	ret = LinkLocateElem(first,x,equal);
	if( FAILURE == ret )
	{
		printf("the number:'%d' has'nt been found!\n",x);
	}
	else
	{
		printf("the number '%d' is the %dth number\n",x,ret);
	}
	
	int y = 5;
	ret = LinkListDetele(first,y,&e);
	if( FAILURE == ret)
	{
		printf("detele failure!\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("detele success!(the %dth number has been deteled)\n",y);
	}
	
	ret = LinkTraverse(first,print);
	if( SUCCESS == ret)
	{
		printf("traverse success!\n");
	}
	if( FAILURE == ret)
	{
		printf("traverse failure!\n");
	}
	
	ret = LinkClear(first);
	if( SUCCESS == ret )
	{
		printf("clear success!\n");
	}
	else if( FAILURE == ret )
	{
		printf("clear failure!\n");
	}

	ret = LinkDestory(&first);
	if( FAILURE == ret )
	{
		printf("destory failure!\n");
	}
	else if( SUCCESS == ret )
	{
		printf("destory success!\n");
	}
	
	for( i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
	{
		ret = LinkInsrt(first, i+1,rand()%10 );
		if( SUCCESS == ret)
		{
			printf("insrt success!\n");
		}
		if( FAILURE == ret)
		{
			printf("failure!\n");
		}
	}
	
return 0;
}

我得多敲几次。