C sum

1.地址

往一个地址当中写入一个数：

*(int *)100 = 25;

指针的指针

int	**ptr2ptr;

如何理解更好呢？表达式“**ptr2ptr”的类型是int型

2.头文件中不能定义变量

头文件中定义变量会在文件链接时造成multiple definition错误，

i386-elf-ld -o ./build/kernel.bin -Ttext 0x1000 ./build/kernel_entry.o ./build/kernel.o ./build/screen.o --oformat binary
./build/screen.o:/home/songyj/os_dev/./driver/screen.h:9: multiple definition of `test_str'
./build/kernel.o:/home/songyj/os_dev/driver/screen.h:9: first defined here

应该如下使用：

extern *test_str="THIS IS A TEST MSG!";

3. _ attribute _((packed))

#include <stdio.h>

typedef struct
{
	char Data1;
	int Data2;
	unsigned short Data3;
	char Data4;
	unsigned short Data5;
}test_struct;

typedef struct
{
	char Data1;
	int Data2;
	unsigned short Data3;
	char Data4;
	unsigned short Data5;
}__attribute__((packed)) test_struct1;

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	test_struct a;
	test_struct1 b;

	a.Data1=1;
	a.Data2=2;
	a.Data3=3;
	a.Data4=0b11111111;
	a.Data5=5;

	b.Data1=1;
	b.Data2=2;
	b.Data3=3;
	b.Data4=0b11111111;
	b.Data5=5;
	printf("test_struct size is %d\r\n", sizeof(test_struct));
	printf("test_struct1 size is %d\r\n", sizeof(test_struct1));
}

使用gdb调试程序发现 __ atrribute(packed)__ 让结构体中的变量按照实际的大小存储，而默认的时候gcc会插入无效字符对字节进行对齐。
By default, In X86, structures will be padded to 4-byte alignment