OpenCV库安装

OpenCV库安装

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS下安装OpenCV 4.1.0的编译安装步骤，亲测有效。

Step 1: 更新环境在shell下定义 cvVersion 变量。

cvVersion="4.1.0"

清空相关目录。

# clean build directories
rm -rf opencv/build
rm -rf opencv_contrib/build
# Create directory for installation
mkdir installation
mkdir installation/OpenCV-"$cvVersion"

将当前目录保存到cwd变量中。

# Save current working directory
cwd=$(pwd)

更新一下。

sudo apt -y update
sudo apt -y upgrade

Step 2: 安装系统库

sudo apt -y remove x264 libx264-dev

## Install dependencies
sudo apt -y install build-essential checkinstall cmake pkg-config yasm
sudo apt -y install git gfortran
sudo apt -y install libjpeg8-dev libpng-dev

sudo apt -y install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main"
sudo apt -y update

sudo apt -y install libjasper1
sudo apt -y install libtiff-dev

sudo apt -y install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libdc1394-22-dev
sudo apt -y install libxine2-dev libv4l-dev
cd /usr/include/linux
sudo ln -s -f ../libv4l1-videodev.h videodev.h
cd "$cwd"

sudo apt -y install libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev
sudo apt -y install libgtk2.0-dev libtbb-dev qt5-default
sudo apt -y install libatlas-base-dev
sudo apt -y install libfaac-dev libmp3lame-dev libtheora-dev
sudo apt -y install libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev
sudo apt -y install libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev
sudo apt -y install libavresample-dev
sudo apt -y install x264 v4l-utils

# Optional dependencies
sudo apt -y install libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler
sudo apt -y install libgoogle-glog-dev libgflags-dev
sudo apt -y install libgphoto2-dev libeigen3-dev libhdf5-dev doxygen

Step 3: 安装Python库

sudo apt -y install python3-dev python3-pip python3-venv
sudo -H pip3 install -U pip numpy
sudo apt -y install python3-testresources

#用虚拟环境virtual environment来管理Python的安装环境。
cvVersion="4.1.0"
# create virtual environment
python3 -m venv OpenCV-"$cvVersion"-py3
echo "# Virtual Environment Wrapper" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "alias workoncv-$cvVersion=\"source $cwd/OpenCV-$cvVersion-py3/bin/activate\"" >> ~/.bashrc
source "$cwd"/OpenCV-"$cvVersion"-py3/bin/activate

# now install python libraries within this virtual environment
pip install wheel numpy scipy matplotlib scikit-image scikit-learn ipython

# quit virtual environment
deactivate
######################################

Step 4: 下载opencv和opencv_contrib代码

# 下载OpenCV
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
cd opencv
git checkout tags/"$cvVersion"
cd ..
# 下载OpenCV contrib
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git
cd opencv_contrib
git checkout tags/"$cvVersion"
cd ..

Step 5: 编译安装

cd opencv
mkdir build
cd build

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$cwd/installation/OpenCV-"$cvVersion" \
-D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON \
-D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \
-D WITH_TBB=ON \
-D WITH_V4L=ON \
-D WITH_QT=ON \
-D WITH_OPENGL=ON \
-D OPENCV_PYTHON3_INSTALL_PATH=$cwd/OpenCV-$cvVersion-py3/lib/python3.6/site-packages \
-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../../opencv_contrib/modules \
-D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON ..
make -j
make install

Step 6: 验证安装

（1）验证Python下OpenCV的安装

激活虚拟环境，启动Python解释器。

# activate virtual environment
workoncv-4.1.0

# open ipython
ipython

启动Python后，导入cv2库，打印cv2库的版本信息。

# import cv2 and print version
import cv2
print(cv2.__version__)
# If OpenCV is installed correctly, the above command should give output 4.1.0
# Press CTRL+D to exit ipython

（2）验证C++的OpenCV的安装
编译OpenCV目录下的samples