C++[第十六章]--抽象类和纯虚函数

抽象类和纯虚函数

1、纯虚函数

virtual函数声明时后面加上 “=0”
如：virtual void eating(void) = 0;
注意：纯虚函数不需要定义

2、抽象类

抽象类：含有纯虚函数的类
抽象类不能有实例对象
若子类没有覆写所有的纯虚函数，则子类还是抽象类

作用：向下派生类提供好统一接口

例子：

#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

using namespace std;

class Human {
private:
	int a;
public:
	virtual void eating(void) = 0;
	virtual void wearing(void) = 0;
	virtual void driving(void) = 0;
	virtual ~Human() { cout<<"~Human()"<<endl; }
	virtual Human* test(void) {cout<<"Human's test"<<endl; return this; }
};

class Englishman : public Human {
public:
	void eating(void) { cout<<"use knife to eat"<<endl; }
	void wearing(void) {cout<<"wear english style"<<endl; }
	void driving(void) {cout<<"drive english car"<<endl; }
	virtual ~Englishman() { cout<<"~Englishman()"<<endl; }
	virtual Englishman* test(void) {cout<<"Englishman's test"<<endl; return this; }
};


class Chinese : public Human {
public:
	void eating(void) { cout<<"use chopsticks to eat"<<endl; }
	void wearing(void) {cout<<"wear chinese style"<<endl; }
	//void driving(void) {cout<<"drive chinese car"<<endl; }
	virtual ~Chinese() { cout<<"~Chinese()"<<endl; }
	virtual Chinese* test(void) {cout<<"Chinese's test"<<endl; return this; }
};

class Guangximan : public Chinese {
	void driving(void) {cout<<"drive guangxi car"<<endl; }
};

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	//Human h;
	Englishman e;
	Guangximan g;

	return 0;
}