基于51单片机的L298N直流电机调速系统Proteus仿真程序

基于51单片机的L298N直流电机调速系统Proteus仿真程序

本此设计选择STC89C52单片机作为主控芯片，选取带有光电编码器的直流电机作为被控对象，利用单片机的T0定时器产生PWM信号并送到直流电机。在Proteus仿真环境下搭建了L298N直流电机驱动电路、矩阵键盘扫描电路以及LCD12864显示电路。实现了直流电机的启动、加速、正转、反转、制动等功能。同时，采用PID控制算法可实现电机速度在特定的场合实现自动切换。具体见附件。

#include<reg51.h>
#include<intrins.h>       
#include<math.h>

#include "lcd.h"
#include "Key.h"
#include "Motor.h"
#include "LCD12864.h"
#include "KeyBoard.h"
#include "LCD12864.h"
#include "LcdShow.h"
#include "PID.h"

extern uchar State_Flag;
extern uchar Fwd_Flag;
extern uchar Rev_Flag;

unsigned int  KeyValue;

unsigned int idata pwm_t;//周期
unsigned int idata Impluse,Time_Count,ImpluseR;
uchar idata Stop_Flag,Run_Flag,Curve_Flag;

uint idata Set_Speed;  //  设定转速
unsigned char idata Sz_Flag,Sr_Flag;  // 记录A相触发后  ，B相高低电平的标志
float idata L_Speed,R_Speed,ReaSpeed;

uint idata PWM_Out,R_Duty,L_Duty,Turn_now;
sbit LSB_L = P1^0;    // LSB_L
sbit LSB_R = P1^1;    // LSB_R

void TimerInit(void)                //@11.0592MHz
{
       
        TMOD=0x01;                //定时器模式

        TL0 = 0x18;                //初值      1ms  
        TH0 = 0xFC;                //初值
       
        IT0 = 1;         //设置下降沿触发 还是低电平触发 0低电平
        IT1 = 1;         //设置下降沿触发 还是低电平触发 0低电平
  EA  = 1;
        EX0 = 1;
        EX1 = 1;
       
        ET0 = 1;
        TR0 = 1;               

}

void main()
{
                  LED = 0;       
       
            Stop_Flag  = 0;
            Lcd_Initial();
                        TimerInit();
                        Set_Speed = 0;
         Lcd_Clear();
                while(1)
                {
                        KeyValue = Get_Keyvalue();   //  矩阵键盘扫描
                        if(KeyValue == 14)   // 输入速度
      {
                          Set_Speed = SpeedInput();       
                                KeyValue = 16;
            }
                        Key_Process();
                        if(Run_Flag)
                        {
                                Set_Speed = 80;
                                Run_Flag = 0;
                        }
               
                        if(State_Flag && ~Stop_Flag)       
                        {
                          PWM_Out = PID_Calculate(Set_Speed,abs(ReaSpeed));
                                R_Duty = PWM_Out + Turn_now;
                                L_Duty = PWM_Out - Turn_now;
                        }
                        else
                                PWM_Out = 0;  // 停止  
                        Lcd_Show();
         }          
}

       
//定时器0中断
void timer0() interrupt 1
{
        static int i;
        TL0 = 0x18;                //初值
        TH0 = 0xFC;                //初值
       
       
        pwm_t++;
  Time_Count++;;
        if(pwm_t == 500)   //500ms
        {
                pwm_t = 0;
                if(Stop_Flag)
                {
                        i++;
                        L_Duty = 0;
                        R_Duty = 0;
                        if(i<31)
                        {
                     LED = ~LED;
                                 if(i == 30)  
                                 {
                                         Stop_Flag = 0;
                                         i = 0;
                                         Set_Speed = 30;
                                 }
                        }
                }
        }               
        if( pwm_t<L_Duty)
                  MotorL_Control();       
                else
                        MotorL_Stop();
       
        if( pwm_t<R_Duty)
                  MotorR_Control();       
   else
                   MotorR_Stop();
        /*---------M法 测速------------*/
        if(Time_Count == 100 )    //  100ms
         {
                 
                Control();
                Time_Count = 0;
                Impluse = 0;
                ImpluseR = 0;
         }
}


void int0() interrupt 0
{
        Impluse++;
         if(LSB_L == 1)
                         Sz_Flag = 1;    //  正反转标志位 A相下降沿，B相高电平
         
         else Sz_Flag = 0;
          LSB_L = 1;
}


void int1() interrupt 2   // 外部中断1   用于测 右轮的速度
{
        ImpluseR++;
         if(LSB_R == 1)
                         Sr_Flag = 1;       //  正反转标志位 A相下降沿，B相高电平
         
         else Sr_Flag = 0;
          LSB_R = 1;
}

程序
Proteus仿真