引用做函数参数及本质

/****引用本质是一个指针常量********/
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//值传递
void swap_1(int a, int b)
{
	int tmp = a;
	a = b;
	b = tmp;
}

//址传递
void swap_2(int* c, int* d)
{
	int tmp = *c;
	*c = *d;
	*d = tmp;
}

//引用传递 
void swap_3(int &a, int &b)
{
	//子函数引用也可以重名 ，a可以换成e,b可以换成f
	int tmp = a;
	a = b;
	b = tmp;
}
int main()
{
	int a = 10;
	int b = 20;
	swap_1(a, b);    //值传递 a=10 b=20
	cout << "a=" << a << endl;
	cout << "b=" << b << endl;

	int c = 10;
	int d = 20;
	swap_2(&c, &d);  //址传递   c=20  d=10
	cout << "c=" << c << endl;
	cout << "d=" << d << endl;

	int e = 10;
	int f = 20;
	swap_3(e,f);    //引用传递    e=20   f=10
	cout << "e=" << e << endl;
	cout << "f=" << f << endl;

	//int& k = 100;不允许
	const int& k = 100;//编译优化成int tmp=100 ；int &k=tmp;
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}