Unity Shader 内置函数

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分类专栏： Unity3D Shader Unity Shader 文章标签： UnityShader 计算机图形学
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/a6627651/article/details/50680360
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本文链接： https://blog.csdn.net/a6627651/article/details/50680360
编写Unity Shader时有很多内置函数，在网上查找了一些，把他们记录了下来，以供大家参考使用


这个是MSDN上的，DirectX Documentation里也有，其实也就是HLSL的内置函数


Intrinsic Functions (DirectX HLSL)

The following table lists the intrinsic functions available in HLSL. Each function has a brief description, and a link to a reference page that has more detail about the input argument and return type.

NameSyntaxDescription
absabs(x)Absolute value (per component).
acosacos(x)Returns the arccosine of each component of x.
allall(x)Test if all components of x are nonzero.
anyany(x)Test if any component of x is nonzero.
asfloatasfloat(x)Convert the input type to a float.
asinasin(x)Returns the arcsine of each component of x.
asintasint(x)Convert the input type to an integer.
asuintasuint(x)Convert the input type to an unsigned integer.
atanatan(x)Returns the arctangent of x.
atan2atan2(y, x)Returns the arctangent of of two values (x,y).
ceilceil(x)Returns the smallest integer which is greater than or equal to x.
clampclamp(x, min, max)Clamps x to the range [min, max].
clipclip(x)Discards the current pixel, if any component of x is less than zero.
coscos(x)Returns the cosine of x.
coshcosh(x)Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x.
crosscross(x, y)Returns the cross product of two 3D vectors.
D3DCOLORtoUBYTE4D3DCOLORtoUBYTE4(x)Swizzles and scales components of the 4D vector x to compensate for the lack of UBYTE4 support in some hardware.
ddxddx(x)Returns the partial derivative of x with respect to the screen-space x-coordinate.
ddyddy(x)Returns the partial derivative of x with respect to the screen-space y-coordinate.
degreesdegrees(x)Converts x from radians to degrees.
determinantdeterminant(m)Returns the determinant of the square matrix m.
distancedistance(x, y)Returns the distance between two points.
dotdot(x, y)Returns the dot product of two vectors.
expexp(x)Returns the base-e exponent.
exp2exp2(x)Base 2 exponent (per component).
faceforwardfaceforward(n, i, ng)Returns -n * sign(•(i, ng)).
floorfloor(x)Returns the greatest integer which is less than or equal to x.
fmodfmod(x, y)Returns the floating point remainder of x/y.
fracfrac(x)Returns the fractional part of x.
frexpfrexp(x, exp)Returns the mantissa and exponent of x.
fwidthfwidth(x)Returns abs(ddx(x)) + abs(ddy(x))
GetRenderTargetSampleCountGetRenderTargetSampleCount()Returns the number of render-target samples.
GetRenderTargetSamplePositionGetRenderTargetSamplePosition(x)Returns a sample position (x,y) for a given sample index.
isfiniteisfinite(x)Returns true if x is finite, false otherwise.
isinfisinf(x)Returns true if x is +INF or -INF, false otherwise.
isnanisnan(x)Returns true if x is NAN or QNAN, false otherwise.
ldexpldexp(x, exp)Returns x * 2exp
lengthlength(v)Returns the length of the vector v.
lerplerp(x, y, s)Returns x + s(y - x).
litlit(n • l, n • h, m)Returns a lighting vector (ambient, diffuse, specular, 1)
loglog(x)Returns the base-e logarithm of x.
log10log10(x)Returns the base-10 logarithm of x.
log2log2(x)Returns the base-2 logarithm of x.
maxmax(x, y)Selects the greater of x and y.
minmin(x, y)Selects the lesser of x and y.
modfmodf(x, out ip)Splits the value x into fractional and integer parts.
mulmul(x, y)Performs matrix multiplication using x and y.
noisenoise(x)Generates a random value using the Perlin-noise algorithm.
normalizenormalize(x)Returns a normalized vector.
powpow(x, y)Returns xy.
radiansradians(x)Converts x from degrees to radians.
reflectreflect(i, n)Returns a reflection vector.
refractrefract(i, n, R)Returns the refraction vector.
roundround(x)Rounds x to the nearest integer
rsqrtrsqrt(x)Returns 1 / sqrt(x)
saturatesaturate(x)Clamps x to the range [0, 1]
signsign(x)Computes the sign of x.
sinsin(x)Returns the sine of x
sincossincos(x, out s, out c)Returns the sine and cosine of x.
sinhsinh(x)Returns the hyperbolic sine of x
smoothstepsmoothstep(min, max, x)Returns a smooth Hermite interpolation between 0 and 1.
sqrtsqrt(x)Square root (per component)
stepstep(a, x)Returns (x >= a) ? 1 : 0
tantan(x)Returns the tangent of x
tanhtanh(x)Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x
tex1Dtex1D(s, t)1D texture lookup.
tex1Dbiastex1Dbias(s, t)1D texture lookup with bias.
tex1Dgradtex1Dgrad(s, t, ddx, ddy)1D texture lookup with a gradient.
tex1Dlodtex1Dlod(s, t)1D texture lookup with LOD.
tex1Dprojtex1Dproj(s, t)1D texture lookup with projective divide.
tex2Dtex2D(s, t)2D texture lookup.
tex2Dbiastex2Dbias(s, t)2D texture lookup with bias.
tex2Dgradtex2Dgrad(s, t, ddx, ddy)2D texture lookup with a gradient.
tex2Dlodtex2Dlod(s, t)2D texture lookup with LOD.
tex2Dprojtex2Dproj(s, t)2D texture lookup with projective divide.
tex3Dtex3D(s, t)3D texture lookup.
tex3Dbiastex3Dbias(s, t)3D texture lookup with bias.
tex3Dgradtex3Dgrad(s, t, ddx, ddy)3D texture lookup with a gradient.
tex3Dlodtex3Dlod(s, t)3D texture lookup with LOD.
tex3Dprojtex3Dproj(s, t)3D texture lookup with projective divide.
texCUBEtexCUBE(s, t)Cube texture lookup.
texCUBEbiastexCUBEbias(s, t)Cube texture lookup with bias.
texCUBEgradtexCUBEgrad(s, t, ddx, ddy)Cube texture lookup with a gradient.
texCUBElodtex3Dlod(s, t)Cube texture lookup with LOD.
texCUBEprojtexCUBEproj(s, t)Cube texture lookup with projective divide.
transposetranspose(m)Returns the transpose of the matrix m.
trunctrunc(x)Truncates floating-point value(s) to integer value(s)



表 3-1 HLSL内置函数

函数名            用法

abs                         计算输入值的绝对值。

acos                        返回输入值反余弦值。

all                           测试非0值。

any                         测试输入值中的任何非零值。

asin                         返回输入值的反正弦值。

atan                        返回输入值的反正切值。

atan2                       返回y/x的反正切值。

ceil                         返回大于或等于输入值的最小整数。

clamp                      把输入值限制在[min, max]范围内。

clip                         如果输入向量中的任何元素小于0，则丢弃当前像素。

cos                         返回输入值的余弦。

cosh                       返回输入值的双曲余弦。

cross                      返回两个3D向量的叉积。

ddx                         返回关于屏幕坐标x轴的偏导数。

ddy                         返回关于屏幕坐标y轴的偏导数。

degrees                   弧度到角度的转换

determinant              返回输入矩阵的值。

distance                   返回两个输入点间的距离。

dot                          返回两个向量的点积。

exp                         返回以e为底数，输入值为指数的指数函数值。

exp2                       返回以2为底数，输入值为指数的指数函数值。

faceforward             检测多边形是否位于正面。

floor                       返回小于等于x的最大整数。

fmod                       返回a / b的浮点余数。

frac                        返回输入值的小数部分。

frexp                       返回输入值的尾数和指数

fwidth                     返回 abs ( ddx (x) + abs ( ddy(x))。

isfinite                     如果输入值为有限值则返回true，否则返回false。

isinf                        如何输入值为无限的则返回true。

isnan                       如果输入值为NAN或QNAN则返回true。

ldexp                       frexp的逆运算，返回 x * 2 ^ exp。

len / lenth                返回输入向量的长度。

lerp                         对输入值进行插值计算。

lit                            返回光照向量（环境光，漫反射光，镜面高光，1）。

log                          返回以e为底的对数。

log10                      返回以10为底的对数。

log2                        返回以2为底的对数。

max                        返回两个输入值中较大的一个。

min                         返回两个输入值中较小的一个。

modf                       把输入值分解为整数和小数部分。

mul                         返回输入矩阵相乘的积。

normalize                 返回规范化的向量，定义为 x / length(x)。

pow                        返回输入值的指定次幂。

radians                    角度到弧度的转换。

reflect                     返回入射光线i对表面法线n的反射光线。

refract                     返回在入射光线i，表面法线n，折射率为eta下的折射光线v。

round                      返回最接近于输入值的整数。

rsqrt                       返回输入值平方根的倒数。

saturate                   把输入值限制到[0, 1]之间。

sign                        计算输入值的符号。

sin                          计算输入值的正弦值。

sincos                     返回输入值的正弦和余弦值。

sinh                        返回x的双曲正弦。

smoothstep              返回一个在输入值之间平稳变化的插值。

sqrt                         返回输入值的平方根。

step                        返回（x >= a）? 1 : 0。

tan                          返回输入值的正切值。

fanh                        返回输入值的双曲线切线。

transpose                 返回输入矩阵的转置。

tex1D*                    1D纹理查询。

tex2D*                    2D纹理查询。

tex3D*                    3D纹理查询。

texCUBE*                立方纹理查询。

Intrinsic Functions (DirectX HLSL)

The following table lists the intrinsic functions available in HLSL. Each function has a brief description, and a link to a reference page that has more detail about the input argument and return type.

Name Description Minimum shader model
abs Absolute value (per component). 11
acos Returns the arccosine of each component of x. 11
all Test if all components of x are nonzero. 11
AllMemoryBarrier Blocks execution of all threads in a group until all memory accesses have been completed. 5
AllMemoryBarrierWithGroupSync Blocks execution of all threads in a group until all memory accesses have been completed and all threads in the group have reached this call. 5
any Test if any component of x is nonzero. 11
asdouble Reinterprets a cast value into a double. 5
asfloat Convert the input type to a float. 4
asin Returns the arcsine of each component of x. 11
asint Convert the input type to an integer. 4
asuint Reinterprets the bit pattern of a 64-bit type to a uint. 5
asuint Convert the input type to an unsigned integer. 4
atan Returns the arctangent of x. 11
atan2 Returns the arctangent of of two values (x,y). 11
ceil Returns the smallest integer which is greater than or equal to x. 11
clamp Clamps x to the range [min, max]. 11
clip Discards the current pixel, if any component of x is less than zero. 11
cos Returns the cosine of x. 11
cosh Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x. 11
countbits Counts the number of bits (per component) in the input integer. 5
cross Returns the cross product of two 3D vectors. 11
D3DCOLORtoUBYTE4 Swizzles and scales components of the 4D vector xto compensate for the lack of UBYTE4 support in some hardware. 11
ddx Returns the partial derivative of x with respect to the screen-space x-coordinate. 21
ddx_coarse Computes a low precision partial derivative with respect to the screen-space x-coordinate. 5
ddx_fine Computes a high precision partial derivative with respect to the screen-space x-coordinate. 5
ddy Returns the partial derivative of x with respect to the screen-space y-coordinate. 21
ddy_coarse Computes a low precision partial derivative with respect to the screen-space y-coordinate. 5
ddy_fine Computes a high precision partial derivative with respect to the screen-space y-coordinate. 5
degrees Converts x from radians to degrees. 11
determinant Returns the determinant of the square matrix m. 11
DeviceMemoryBarrier Blocks execution of all threads in a group until all device memory accesses have been completed. 5
DeviceMemoryBarrierWithGroupSync Blocks execution of all threads in a group until all device memory accesses have been completed and all threads in the group have reached this call. 5
distance Returns the distance between two points. 11
dot Returns the dot product of two vectors. 1
dst Calculates a distance vector. 5
EvaluateAttributeAtCentroid Evaluates at the pixel centroid. 5
EvaluateAttributeAtSample Evaluates at the indexed sample location. 5
EvaluateAttributeSnapped Evaluates at the pixel centroid with an offset. 5
exp Returns the base-e exponent. 11
exp2 Base 2 exponent (per component). 11
f16tof32 Converts the float16 stored in the low-half of the uint to a float. 5
f32tof16 Converts an input into a float16 type. 5
faceforward Returns -n * sign(dot(i, ng)). 11
firstbithigh Gets the location of the first set bit starting from the highest order bit and working downward, per component. 5
firstbitlow Returns the location of the first set bit starting from the lowest order bit and working upward, per component. 5
floor Returns the greatest integer which is less than or equal to x. 11
fmod Returns the floating point remainder of x/y. 11
frac Returns the fractional part of x. 11
frexp Returns the mantissa and exponent of x. 21
fwidth Returns abs(ddx(x)) + abs(ddy(x)) 21
GetRenderTargetSampleCount Returns the number of render-target samples. 4
GetRenderTargetSamplePosition Returns a sample position (x,y) for a given sample index. 4
GroupMemoryBarrier Blocks execution of all threads in a group until all group shared accesses have been completed. 5
GroupMemoryBarrierWithGroupSync Blocks execution of all threads in a group until all group shared accesses have been completed and all threads in the group have reached this call. 5
InterlockedAdd Performs a guaranteed atomic add of value to the dest resource variable. 5
InterlockedAnd Performs a guaranteed atomic and. 5
InterlockedCompareExchange Atomically compares the input to the comparison value and exchanges the result. 5
InterlockedCompareStore Atomically compares the input to the comparison value. 5
InterlockedExchange Assigns value to dest and returns the original value. 5
InterlockedMax Performs a guaranteed atomic max. 5
InterlockedMin Performs a guaranteed atomic min. 5
InterlockedOr Performs a guaranteed atomic or. 5
InterlockedXor Performs a guaranteed atomic xor. 5
isfinite Returns true if x is finite, false otherwise. 11
isinf Returns true if x is +INF or -INF, false otherwise. 11
isnan Returns true if x is NAN or QNAN, false otherwise. 11
ldexp Returns x * 2exp 11
length Returns the length of the vector v. 11
lerp Returns x + s(y - x). 11
lit Returns a lighting vector (ambient, diffuse, specular, 1) 11
log Returns the base-e logarithm of x. 11
log10 Returns the base-10 logarithm of x. 11
log2 Returns the base-2 logarithm of x. 11
mad Performs an arithmetic multiply/add operation on three values. 5
max Selects the greater of x and y. 11
min Selects the lesser of x and y. 11
modf Splits the value x into fractional and integer parts. 11
mul Performs matrix multiplication using x and y. 1
noise Generates a random value using the Perlin-noise algorithm. 11
normalize Returns a normalized vector. 11
pow Returns xy. 11
Process2DQuadTessFactorsAvg Generates the corrected tessellation factors for a quad patch. 5
Process2DQuadTessFactorsMax Generates the corrected tessellation factors for a quad patch. 5
Process2DQuadTessFactorsMin Generates the corrected tessellation factors for a quad patch. 5
ProcessIsolineTessFactors Generates the rounded tessellation factors for an isoline. 5
ProcessQuadTessFactorsAvg Generates the corrected tessellation factors for a quad patch. 5
ProcessQuadTessFactorsMax Generates the corrected tessellation factors for a quad patch. 5
ProcessQuadTessFactorsMin Generates the corrected tessellation factors for a quad patch. 5
ProcessTriTessFactorsAvg Generates the corrected tessellation factors for a tri patch. 5
ProcessTriTessFactorsMax Generates the corrected tessellation factors for a tri patch. 5
ProcessTriTessFactorsMin Generates the corrected tessellation factors for a tri patch. 5
radians Converts x from degrees to radians. 1
rcp Calculates a fast, approximate, per-component reciprocal. 5
reflect Returns a reflection vector. 1
refract Returns the refraction vector. 11
reversebits Reverses the order of the bits, per component. 5
round Rounds x to the nearest integer 11
rsqrt Returns 1 / sqrt(x) 11
saturate Clamps x to the range [0, 1] 1
sign Computes the sign of x. 11
sin Returns the sine of x 11
sincos Returns the sine and cosine of x. 11
sinh Returns the hyperbolic sine of x 11
smoothstep Returns a smooth Hermite interpolation between 0 and 1. 11
sqrt Square root (per component) 11
step Returns (x >= a) ? 1 : 0 11
tan Returns the tangent of x 11
tanh Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x 11
tex1D(s, t) 1D texture lookup. 1
tex1D(s, t, ddx, ddy) 1D texture lookup. 21
tex1Dbias 1D texture lookup with bias. 21
tex1Dgrad 1D texture lookup with a gradient. 21
tex1Dlod 1D texture lookup with LOD. 31
tex1Dproj 1D texture lookup with projective divide. 21
tex2D(s, t) 2D texture lookup. 11
tex2D(s, t, ddx, ddy) 2D texture lookup. 21
tex2Dbias 2D texture lookup with bias. 21
tex2Dgrad 2D texture lookup with a gradient. 21
tex2Dlod 2D texture lookup with LOD. 3
tex2Dproj 2D texture lookup with projective divide. 21
tex3D(s, t) 3D texture lookup. 11
tex3D(s, t, ddx, ddy) 3D texture lookup. 21
tex3Dbias 3D texture lookup with bias. 21
tex3Dgrad 3D texture lookup with a gradient. 21
tex3Dlod 3D texture lookup with LOD. 31
tex3Dproj 3D texture lookup with projective divide. 21
texCUBE(s, t) Cube texture lookup. 11
texCUBE(s, t, ddx, ddy) Cube texture lookup. 21
texCUBEbias Cube texture lookup with bias. 21
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请用UNITY shader 内置函数写一段shader代码
05-30
好的，以下是一段使用 UNITY shader 内置函数实现的简单的灰度化效果的 shader 代码： ``` Shader "Custom/Grayscale" { Properties { _MainTex ("Texture", 2D) = "white" {} } SubShader { Tags { ...

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