C++设计模式--工厂方法和抽象工厂解析(head first 设计模式C++实现)

工厂模式

1. 每次使用new时，是针对实现编程。
2. 工厂方法模式：定义了一个创建对象的接口，但由子类决定要实例化的类是哪一个。工厂方法让类把实例化推迟到子类。(创建一个对象) 工厂方法允许类将实例化延迟到子类进行 Pizza商店类和Pizza类用到该方法
3. 设计原则：要依赖抽象，不要依赖具体类。不能让高层组件依赖低层组件，而且，不管高层或低层组件，"两者"都应该依赖于抽象。
4. 抽象工厂模式:提供一个接口用于创建相关或依赖对象的家族，而不需要明确指定具体类。(创建多个对象) 抽象工厂创建相关的对象家族，而不需要依赖它们的具体类。 PizzaIngredient类中的各个调料的获取用到该方法

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例子

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   class PizzaIngredientFactory{
    public:
        virtual ~PizzaIngredientFactory(){};
        virtual string createDough()=0;
        virtual string createSauce()=0;
        virtual string createCheese()=0;
        virtual string createVeggies()=0;
        virtual string createPepperoni()=0;
        virtual string createClams()=0;

};

class NYPizzaIngredientFactory:public PizzaIngredientFactory{
       public:
        virtual string createDough(){
            return "NY Dough";
        }
        virtual string createSauce(){
            return "NY Sauce";
        };
        virtual string createCheese(){
            return "NY Cheese";
        }
        virtual string createVeggies(){
            return  "NY Veggies";
        }
        virtual string createPepperoni(){
            return "NY Pepperoni";
        }
        virtual string createClams(){
            return "NY Clams";
        }
};
class ChicagoPizzaIngredientFactory:public PizzaIngredientFactory{
       public:
        virtual string createDough(){
            return "CH Dough";
        }
        virtual string createSauce(){
            return "CH Sauce";
        };
        virtual string createCheese(){
            return "CH Cheese";
        }
        virtual string createVeggies(){
            return  "CH Veggies";
        }
        virtual string createPepperoni(){
            return "CH Pepperoni";
        }
        virtual string createClams(){
            return "CH Clams";
        }
};

class Pizza{
    public:
        Pizza(){};
        virtual ~Pizza(){};

        virtual void prepare()=0;

        void bake(){
            cout<<"Bake for 25 minutes at 350"<<endl;
        }
        void cut(){
            cout<<"Cutting the pizza into diagonal slices"<<endl;
        }
        void box(){
            cout<<"Place pizza in official PizzaStore box"<<endl;
        }
        string getName(){
            return name;
        }
    public:
        string name;
        string dough;
        string sauce;
};

class NYStyleCheesePizza : public Pizza{
    public:      
        NYStyleCheesePizza(PizzaIngredientFactory* newingredient):ingredient(newingredient){
            name ="NY Style Sauce and Cheese Pizza";
            dough = ingredient->createDough();
            sauce = ingredient->createSauce();
        }
        virtual void prepare(){
            cout<<name<<" "<<dough<<sauce<<endl;
        };
    private:
        PizzaIngredientFactory* ingredient;
     
};

class ChicagoStyleCheesePizza: public Pizza{
    public:      
        ChicagoStyleCheesePizza(PizzaIngredientFactory* newingredient):ingredient(newingredient){
            name ="Chicago Style Sauce and Cheese Pizza";
            dough = ingredient->createDough();
            sauce = ingredient->createSauce();
        }
        virtual void prepare(){
            cout<<name<<" "<<dough<<" "<<sauce<<endl;
        };
    private:
        PizzaIngredientFactory* ingredient;
};

class PizzaStore{
    public:
        PizzaStore(){};
        virtual ~PizzaStore(){
        };
        
        Pizza* orderPizza(string order){
            Pizza* newpizza = createPizza(order);
            
            newpizza->prepare();
            newpizza->bake();
            newpizza->cut();
            newpizza->box();

            return newpizza;
        }
        protected:
            virtual Pizza* createPizza(string order)=0; 


};

class NYStylePizzaStore : public PizzaStore{
    public:
        NYStylePizzaStore(){

        }
    private:
        virtual Pizza* createPizza(string order){
            if(order=="cheese"){
                return new NYStyleCheesePizza(ingredient);
            }
        }
    private:
        PizzaIngredientFactory* ingredient = new NYPizzaIngredientFactory;

};


class ChicagoPizzaStore : public PizzaStore{
    public:
        ChicagoPizzaStore(){
        }
    private:
        virtual Pizza* createPizza(string order){
            if(order=="cheese"){
                return new ChicagoStyleCheesePizza(ingredient);
            }
        }
    private:
        PizzaIngredientFactory* ingredient = new ChicagoPizzaIngredientFactory;
};

     


int main(){
    //Espresso1.99 HouseBlend0.89  Mocha1 Whip2
    NYStylePizzaStore* nyStore  = new NYStylePizzaStore;
    nyStore->orderPizza("cheese");

    ChicagoPizzaStore* chstore = new ChicagoPizzaStore;
    chstore->orderPizza("cheese");

  //  pizza->getName(); 

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}