RabbitMQ-SpringBoot-direct模式

图解

目标：

1. 生产者发送消息到RabbitMQ

2. 消费者从RabbitMQ获取消息

3.  消息过期时间TTL

4. 死信队列

5. 消息确认机制

代码结构

1、maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

2、application.yml

server:
  port: 8080

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    username: admin
    password: admin
    virtual-host: /
    host: 192.168.xxx.xxx
    port: 5672
    publisher-confirm-type: correlated #消息确认机制需要

3、生产者

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;

@Configuration
public class DirectRabbitConfig {

    //创建队列
    @Bean
    public Queue queue1() {
        return new Queue("direct.query1.java", true);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue query2() {
        return new Queue("direct.query2.java", true);
    }

    // 创建交换机
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange directExchange() {
        return new DirectExchange("direct-exChange-java");
    }


    // 绑定交换机和队列
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingQuery1() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue1()).to(directExchange()).with("student");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding bindingQuery2() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(query2()).to(directExchange()).with("teacher");
    }
}

 模拟service层

import com.shao.springbootrabbitmqdirectproducer.config.MessageConfirmCallback;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class DirectRabbitServcice {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private MessageConfirmCallback messageConfirmCallback;
    // 定义交换机
    private final String exChange = "direct-exChange-java";

    public void sendManage(int num, String routeKey) {
        String massage = "这是第" + num + "条订单";
        System.out.println(massage);
        // 发送消息到RabbitMQ 注意：routeKey字段必须要写，不然消息发不到队列中
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exChange, routeKey, massage);
    }
}

4、消费者

import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
        value = @Queue(value = "direct.query1.java", autoDelete = "false"),
        exchange = @Exchange(value = "direct-exChange-java",type = ExchangeTypes.DIRECT)
))
@Component
public class ConsumerOne {

    //RabbitHandler 代表此方法为接受消息的方法，不要有返回值
    @RabbitHandler
    public void messageRevice(String message){
        System.out.println("获取direct.query1.java中第"+message+"消息");
    }
}

5、消息确认机制

添加类MessageConfirmCallback .java

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MessageConfirmCallback implements RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback {
    @Override
    public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean b, String s) {
        if(b){
            System.out.println("消息确认成功!!!!");
        }else{
            System.out.println("消息确认失败!!!!");
        }
    }
}

对 DirectRabbitServcice.java 进行修改

    
    @Autowired
    private MessageConfirmCallback messageConfirmCallback;

    public void sendManage(int num, String routeKey) {
        String massage = "这是第" + num + "条订单";
        System.out.println(massage);

        // 设置消息确认机制
        rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(messageConfirmCallback);
        // 发送消息到RabbitMQ 注意：routeKey字段必须要写，不然消息发不到队列中
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exChange, routeKey, massage);
    }

6、消息过期时间

有两种实现方式：给队列添加过期时间，给消息添加过期时间

1. 给队列添加过期时间

在生产者DirectRabbitConfig.java中添加一个队列，并绑定交换机

    @Bean
    public Queue query3() {
        Map<String, Object> hashMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        // 设置队列过期时间
        hashMap.put("x-message-ttl",5000);
        return new Queue("direct.query3.java", true,false,false,hashMap);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding bindingQuery3() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(query3()).to(directExchange()).with("ttl");
    }

2. 给消息添加过期时间

对 DirectRabbitServcice.java 进行修改

    public void sendManage(int num, String routeKey) {
        String massage = "这是第" + num + "条订单";
        System.out.println(massage);
        // 给消息添加过期时间
        MessagePostProcessor messagePostProcessor = new MessagePostProcessor(){
            @Override
            public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException {
                message.getMessageProperties().setExpiration("5000");
                message.getMessageProperties().setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
                return message;
            }
        };
        // 发送消息到RabbitMQ 注意：routeKey字段必须要写，不然消息发不到队列中
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exChange, routeKey, massage,messagePostProcessor);
    }

7、死信队列

当消息被拒绝、消息过期、队列达到最大长度时消息将放到死信队列

在生产者DirectRabbitConfig.java中添加一个死信队列和死信交换机并进行绑定，代码中测试的是队列达到最大长度将消息放到死信队列

    @Bean
    public Queue query3() {
        Map<String, Object> hashMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        // 设置队列过期时间
        //hashMap.put("x-message-ttl",5000);
        // 设置长度，超过长度的消息放入死信队列
        hashMap.put("x-max-length",6);
        // 设置死信队列 direct模式需要设置x-dead-letter-routing-key
        hashMap.put("x-dead-letter-exchange","direct-Dead-exChange-java");
        hashMap.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key","dead");

        return new Queue("direct.query3.java", true,false,false,hashMap);
    }

    // 设置死信队列
    @Bean
    public Queue query4() {
        return new Queue("direct.quer4.java", true);
    }

    // 创建死信交换机
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange directDeadExchange() {
        return new DirectExchange("direct-Dead-exChange-java");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding bindingQuery3() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(query3()).to(directExchange()).with("ttl");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding bindingQuery4() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(query4()).to(directDeadExchange()).with("dead");
    }