Fourier变换定义
将积分运算
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∞
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∞
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F\left( \omega \right) =\mathscr{F}\left[ f\left( t \right) \right] =\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}{f\left( t \right) e^{-j\omega t}}dt
F(ω)=F[f(t)]=∫−∞+∞f(t)e−jωtdt
称为函数
f
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t
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f\left( t \right)
f(t)的Fourier变换
将积分运算
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π
∫
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d
w
f\left( t \right) =\mathscr{F}^{-1}\left[ F\left( \omega \right) \right] =\frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}{F\left( \omega \right) e^{j\omega t}}dw
f(t)=F−1[F(ω)]=2π1∫−∞+∞F(ω)ejωtdw
称为函数
F
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ω
)
F\left( \omega \right)
F(ω)的Fourier逆变换
F ( ω ) F\left( \omega \right) F(ω)称为 f ( t ) f\left( t \right) f(t)的象函数, f ( t ) f\left( t \right) f(t)称为 F ( ω ) F\left( \omega \right) F(ω)的象原函数
Fourier变化性质
1.线性性质
F
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F
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F_1\left( \omega \right) =\mathscr{F}\left[ f_1\left( t \right) \right] \ F_2\left( \omega \right) =\mathscr{F}\left[ f_2\left( t \right) \right] ,\alpha ,\beta
F1(ω)=F[f1(t)] F2(ω)=F[f2(t)],α,β均为常数,则
F
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f
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=
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F
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\mathscr{F}\left[ \alpha f_1\left( t \right) +\beta f_2\left( t \right) \right] =\alpha F_1\left( \omega \right) +\beta F_2\left( \omega \right)
F[αf1(t)+βf2(t)]=αF1(ω)+βF2(ω)
同样,逆变换也有线性性质
2.位移性质
F [ f ( t ± t 0 ) ] = e ± j ω t 0 F [ f ( t ) ] \mathscr{F}\left[ f\left( t\pm t_0 \right) \right] =e^{\pm j\omega t_0}\mathscr{F}\left[ f\left( t \right) \right] F[f(t±t0)]=e±jωt0F[f(t)]
3.微分性质
若
f
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k
)
(
t
)
f^{\left( k \right)}\left( t \right)
f(k)(t)在
(
−
∞
,
+
∞
)
\left( -\infty ,+\infty \right)
(−∞,+∞)连续或仅有有限个间断点,且
lim
t
→
∞
f
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0
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k
=
0
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1
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2
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,
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n
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1
,
\underset{t\rightarrow \infty}{\lim}f^{\left( k \right)}\left( t \right) =0,k=0,1,2,,,n-1,
t→∞limf(k)(t)=0,k=0,1,2,,,n−1,则有
F
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f
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n
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=
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n
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\mathscr{F}\left[ f^{\left( n \right)}\left( t \right) \right] =\left( j\omega \right) ^n\mathscr{F}\left[ f\left( t \right) \right]
F[f(n)(t)]=(jω)nF[f(t)]
显然还可得到导数公式
F
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n
F
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f
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F^{\left( n \right)}\left( \omega \right) =\left( -j \right) ^n\mathscr{F}\left[ t^nf\left( t \right) \right]
F(n)(ω)=(−j)nF[tnf(t)]
4.积分性质
若
lim
t
→
+
∞
∫
−
∞
t
f
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t
)
d
t
=
0
\underset{t\rightarrow +\infty}{\lim}\int_{-\infty}^t{f\left( t \right)}dt=0
t→+∞lim∫−∞tf(t)dt=0
则
F
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∫
−
∞
t
f
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t
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d
t
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=
1
j
ω
F
[
f
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]
\mathscr{F}\left[ \int_{-\infty}^t{f\left( t \right)}dt \right] =\frac{1}{j\omega}\mathscr{F}\left[ f\left( t \right) \right]
F[∫−∞tf(t)dt]=jω1F[f(t)]