HBase Java API编程
一、任务要求:
(1)createTable(String tableName, String[] fields)
创建表,参数tableName为表的名称,字符串数组fields为存储记录各个域名称的数组。要求当HBase已经存在名为tableName的表的时候,先删除原有的表,然后再创建新的表。
主要代码:
运行结果:
用HBase shell中查看
(2)addRecord(String tableName, String row, String[] fields, String[] values)
向表tableName、行row(用S_Name表示)和字符串数组files指定的单元格中添加对应的数据values。其中fields中每个元素如果对应的列族下还有相应的列限定符的话,用“columnFamily:column”表示。例如,同时向“Math”、“Computer Science”、“English”三列添加成绩时,字符串数组fields为{“Score:Math”,”Score;Computer Science”,”Score:English”},数组values存储这三门课的成绩。
主要代码:
运行结果:
用HBase shell中查看
确实添加了三组数据
(3)scanColumn(String tableName, String column)
浏览表tableName某一列的数据,如果某一行记录中该列数据不存在,则返回null。要求当参数column为某一列族名称时,如果底下有若干个列限定符,则要列出每个列限定符代表的列的数据;当参数column为某一列具体名称(例如“Score:Math”)时,只需要列出该列的数据。
主要代码:
运行结果:
与用HBase shell中查看的结果一致。
(4)modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column)
修改表tableName,行row(可以用学生姓名S_Name表示),列column指定的单元格的数据。
主要代码:
运行结果用HBase shell查看:
Math的分数由100变成了60,修改成功。
(5)deleteRow(String tableName, String row)
删除表tableName中row指定的行的记录。
主要代码:
运行结果用HBase shell 查看
没有数据,成功删除了。
二、完整代码实现
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class HBaseAPI {
public static Configuration configuration;
public static Connection connection;
public static Admin admin;
public static long ts;
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
System.out
.println("******************HBase对数据库的操作******************");
System.out.println("1.创建一个表");
System.out.println("2.添加数据");
System.out.println("3.浏览数据");
System.out.println("4.修改数据");
System.out.println("5.删除表中row指定的行的记录");
int a = in.nextInt();
switch (a) {
case 1:
createTable("tableName", new String[] { "Score" });
break;
case 2:
String[] fields = { "Score:Math", "Score:Computer Science",
"Score:English" };
String[] values = { "100", "90", "80" };
addRecord("tableName", "Score", fields, values);
break;
case 3:
scanColumn("tableName", "Score");
break;
case 4:
modifyData("tableName", "Score", "Math", "60");
break;
case 5:
deleteRow("tableName", "Score");
break;
}
}
}
// 建立连接
public static void init() {
configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
try {
connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
admin = connection.getAdmin();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 关闭连接
public static void close() {
try {
if (admin != null) {
admin.close();
}
if (null != connection) {
connection.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 创建表
public static void createTable(String myTableName, String[] fields)
throws IOException {
init();
TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf(myTableName);
if (admin.tableExists(tableName)) {
System.out.println("talbe is exists!");
} else {
HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
for (String str : fields) {
HColumnDescriptor hColumnDescriptor = new HColumnDescriptor(str);
hTableDescriptor.addFamily(hColumnDescriptor);
}
admin.createTable(hTableDescriptor);
System.out.println("create table success");
}
close();
}
// 添加数据
public static void addRecord(String tableName, String row, String[] fields,
String[] values) throws IOException {
init();
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
for (int i = 0; i != fields.length; i++) {
Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
String[] cols = fields[i].split(":");
put.addColumn(cols[0].getBytes(), cols[1].getBytes(),
values[i].getBytes());
table.put(put);
}
table.close();
close();
}
// 浏览数据
public static void scanColumn(String tableName, String column)
throws IOException {
init();
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
Scan scan = new Scan();
scan.addFamily(Bytes.toBytes(column));
ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for (Result result = scanner.next(); result != null; result = scanner
.next()) {
showCell(result);
}
table.close();
close();
}
public static void showCell(Result result) {
Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
for (Cell cell : cells) {
System.out.println("RowName:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell))
+ " ");
System.out.println("Timetamp:" + cell.getTimestamp() + " ");
System.out.println("column Family:"
+ new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + " ");
System.out.println("row Name:"
+ new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + " ");
System.out.println("value:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell))
+ " ");
}
}
// 修改数据
public static void modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column,
String val) throws IOException {
init();
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
Scan scan = new Scan();
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for (Result r : resultScanner) {
for (Cell cell : r
.getColumnCells(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes())) {
ts = cell.getTimestamp();
}
}
put.addColumn(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes(), ts, val.getBytes());
table.put(put);
table.close();
close();
}
//删除表中row指定的行的记录
public static void deleteRow(String tableName, String row)
throws IOException {
init();
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
Delete delete = new Delete(row.getBytes());
table.delete(delete);
table.close();
close();
}
}