【Kaggle】House Prices - Advanced Regression Techniques

Kaggle链接 摸鱼摸鱼哈哈哈哈哈，Kaggle参与的第一个入门项目，相见恨晚啊，房价预测，数据预处理因为有空值的情况，然后训练回归，因为只有训练集有真值，所以采用k折交叉验证处理分离出验证集，调了两次参排名1000+，好卷

import pandas as pd
import torch
from torch import nn
import torch.utils.data as Data


def preprocessing(train_path, test_path):
    # 读取数据
    train_data = pd.read_csv(train_path)
    test_data = pd.read_csv(test_path)
    all_features = pd.concat((train_data.iloc[:, 1:-1], test_data.iloc[:, 1:]))

    # 数据预处理
    numerica_features = all_features.dtypes[all_features.dtypes != 'object'].index  # 不同的数据类型(str)默认为object【数值特征】
    all_features[numerica_features] = all_features[numerica_features].apply(  # 将数值特征标准化 零均值单位方差
        lambda x: (x - x.mean()) / x.std())
    all_features[numerica_features] = all_features[numerica_features].fillna(0)  # 标准化过程中均值消失可能会有缺失值
    all_features = pd.get_dummies(all_features, dummy_na=True)  # 处理离散值，独热编码，将na也视为有效的特征值

    n_train = train_data.shape[0]  # 通过values属性，从pd格式提取numpy格式
    train_features = torch.tensor(all_features[:n_train].values, dtype=torch.float32)
    train_labels = torch.tensor(train_data.SalePrice.values.reshape(-1, 1), dtype=torch.float32)
    test_datas = torch.tensor(all_features[n_train:].values, dtype=torch.float32)
    return train_features, train_labels, test_datas, test_data


def get_net():
    net = nn.Sequential(nn.Flatten(), nn.Linear(in_features, 512), nn.ReLU(), nn.Linear(512, 1))
    return net


def log_rmse(net, features, labels):
    clipped_preds = torch.clamp(net(features), 1, float('inf'))  # 预测范围限定在[1, inf]
    rmse = torch.sqrt(loss(torch.log(clipped_preds), torch.log(labels)))
    return rmse.item()


def train(net, train_features, train_labels, test_features, test_labels, num_epochs, learning_rate, weight_decay,
          batch_size):
    train_ls, test_ls = [], []
    train_set = Data.TensorDataset(train_features, train_labels)
    train_loader = Data.DataLoader(dataset=train_set, batch_size=batch_size)
    optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(net.parameters(), lr=learning_rate, weight_decay=weight_decay)
    for epoch in range(num_epochs):
        for X, y in train_loader:
            optimizer.zero_grad()  # 梯度置零，不累加
            l = loss(net(X), y)  # 计算损失函数
            l.backward()  # 反向传播计算梯度
            optimizer.step()  # 更新所有参数
        train_ls.append(log_rmse(net, train_features, train_labels))
        if test_labels is not None:
            test_ls.append(log_rmse(net, test_features, test_labels))
    return train_ls, test_ls


def get_k_fold_data(k, i, X, y):  # K折交叉验证 第i个切片作为验证集，其余部分为训练集
    assert k > 1
    fold_size = X.shape[0] // k
    X_train, y_train, X_valid, y_valid = None, None, None, None
    for j in range(k):
        idx = slice(j * fold_size, (j + 1) * fold_size)
        X_part, y_part = X[idx, :], y[idx, :]
        if j == i:
            X_valid, y_valid = X_part, y_part
        elif X_train is None:
            X_train, y_train = X_part, y_part
        else:
            X_train = torch.cat([X_train, X_part], 0)
            y_train = torch.cat([y_train, y_part], 0)
    return X_train, y_train, X_valid, y_valid


def k_fold(k, X_train, y_train, num_epochs, learninng_rate, weight_decay, batch_size, test_datas, test_data):
    train_l_sum, valid_l_sum = 0, 0
    for i in range(k):
        data = get_k_fold_data(k, i, X_train, y_train)
        net = get_net()
        train_ls, valid_ls = train(net, *data, num_epochs, learninng_rate, weight_decay, batch_size)
        train_l_sum += train_ls[-1]
        valid_l_sum += valid_ls[-1]
        print(f'第{i + 1}折，训练log_rmse = {float(train_ls[-1]):f}', f'验证log_rmse = {float(valid_ls[-1]):f}')

    # 将网络应用与测试集
    preds = net(test_datas).detach().numpy()
    # 重新格式化导出到Kaggle
    test_data['SalePrice'] = pd.Series(preds.reshape(1, -1)[0])
    submission = pd.concat([test_data['Id'], test_data['SalePrice']], axis=1)
    submission.to_csv('submission.csv', index=False)

    return train_l_sum / k, valid_l_sum / k


if __name__ == '__main__':
    train_path = r"./Data/train.csv"
    test_path = r"./Data/test.csv"
    train_features, train_labels, test_datas, test_data = preprocessing(train_path, test_path)

    loss = nn.MSELoss()
    in_features = train_features.shape[1]

    # Run
    train_l, valid_l = k_fold(k=5, X_train=train_features, y_train=train_labels, num_epochs=100, learninng_rate=0.1,
                              weight_decay=35, batch_size=128, test_datas=test_datas, test_data=test_data)
    print(f'k折交叉验证：平均训练log rmse = {float(train_l):f}, 平均验证log rmse = {float(valid_l):f}')

    print("FUCK !!")
    # k折交叉验证：平均训练log rmse = 0.044891, 平均验证log rmse = 0.138013