图像处理（三）

1、亮度增强

#亮度增强 p=p+40
import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
height = int(img.shape[0])
width = int(img.shape[1])
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)

for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        (b,g,r) = img[i,j]
        b = int(b)+40
        g = int(g)+40
        r = int(r)+40
        if b>255:
            b = 255
        if g>255:
            g = 255
        if r>255:
            r = 255
            
        dst[i,j] = (b,g,r)
cv2.imshow('src',img)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

2、磨皮美白

#磨皮美白 API cv2.bilateralFilter(img,15,35,35)
import cv2
img = cv2.imread('1.png',1)
cv2.imshow('src',img)
dst = cv2.bilateralFilter(img,15,35,35)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

3、灰度图像直方图（源码）

#灰度图像直方图源码
import cv2
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
height = int(img.shape[0])
width = int(img.shape[1])
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
#测gray中每个像素点像素值是否有大于255
# for i in range(0,height):
#     for j in range(0,width):
#         print(gray[i,j])

#count记录像素值出现的个数，总共有256种可能值
count = np.zeros(256,np.float)
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        #使用的gray图像，不是image
        pixel = gray[i,j]
        index = int(pixel)
        count[index] = count[index]+1
for i in range(0,256):
    count[i] = count[i]/height*width
x = np.linspace(0,255,256)
y = count
plt.bar(x,y,0.9,alpha=1,color='b')
plt.show()
plt.bar(x,y,1.9,alpha=1,color='r')
plt.show()

4、彩色图像直方图

#图像直方图
#1、分离通道cv2.split(img)
#2、计算每个通道直方图，hist=cv2.calcHist(),cv2.minMaxLoc(hist),cv2.line()
#
import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('C:\\Users\\18792\\Desktop\\DL\\image0.jpg',1)
b, g, r = cv2.split(img)

def calcHist(image,color):
    #cv2.calcHist([原图数据],[0：灰度]，无mask模板，256个柱状，像素值从0-255)
    hist = cv2.calcHist([image],[0],None,[256],[0.0,256.0])
    #print(hist)
    #取得最大值，最小值，最大值位置，最小值位置 (这里会直接打印三个通道对应的值)
    minV,maxV,minL,maxL = cv2.minMaxLoc(hist)  
#     print('minV=========')
#     print(minV)
#     print('maxV=========')
#     print(maxV)
#     print('minL=========')
#     print(minL)
#     print('maxL=========')
#     print(maxL)
    histImg = np.zeros([256,256,3],np.uint8)
    
    for h in range(256):
        #what's mean?
        intensity = int(hist[h]*int(0.9*256)/maxV)
        cv2.line(histImg,(h,256),(h,256-intensity),color)
        
    return histImg
histImgB = calcHist(b,[255,0,0])
histImgG = calcHist(g,[0,255,0])
histImgR = calcHist(r,[0,0,255])

cv2.imshow('histImgB',histImgB)
cv2.imshow('histImgG',histImgG)
cv2.imshow('histImgR',histImgR)
cv2.waitKey(0)

#彩色直方图源码
import cv2
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
height = int(img.shape[0])
width = int(img.shape[1])

count_b = np.zeros(256,np.float)
count_g = np.zeros(256,np.float)
count_r = np.zeros(256,np.float)

for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        b,g,r = img[i,j]
        index_b = int(b)
        index_g = int(g)
        index_r = int(r)
        count_b[index_b] = count_b[index_b]+1
        count_g[index_g] = count_g[index_g]+1
        count_r[index_r] = count_r[index_r]+1
for i in range(0,256):
    count_b[i] = count_b[i]/height*width
    count_g[i] = count_g[i]/height*width
    count_r[i] = count_r[i]/height*width
x = np.linspace(0,255,256)
y_b = count_b 
plt.figure()
plt.bar(x,y_b,0.9,alpha=1,color='b')
y_g = count_g
plt.figure()
plt.bar(x,y_g,0.9,alpha=1,color='g')
y_r = count_r
plt.figure()
plt.bar(x,y_r,0.9,alpha=1,color='r')
plt.show()
cv2.waitKey(0)

5、直方图均衡化

#灰度 直方图均衡化
import cv2
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
dst = cv2.equalizeHist(gray)
cv2.imshow('src',gray)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

#彩色 直方图均衡化
import cv2
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
b,g,r = cv2.split(img)
b1 = cv2.equalizeHist(b)
g1 = cv2.equalizeHist(g)
r1 = cv2.equalizeHist(r)
dst = cv2.merge((b1,g1,r1))
cv2.imshow('src',img)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

6、灰度图像直方图均衡化

#灰度图像直方图均衡化
'''
直方图纵坐标：每个像素值出现的概率
概率      累加概率
0.5        0.5
0.3        0.8
0.1        0.9
直方图均衡化：每个像素的new概率=累加概率*255

'''
import cv2
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
height  = int(img.shape[0])
width = int(img.shape[1])
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
cv2.imshow('src',gray)
count = np.zeros(256,np.float)

for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        pixel = gray[i,j]
        index = int(pixel)
        count[index] = count[index]+1
for i in range(0,256):
    count[i] = count[i]/(height*width)
#计算累加概率
sum1 = float(0)
for i in range(0,256):
    sum1 = sum1+count[i]
    count[i] = sum1
#构造映射表
map1 = np.zeros(256,np.uint16)
for i in range(0,256):
    map1[i] = np.uint16(count[i]*255)
#实现映射
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        pixel = gray[i,j]
        gray[i,j] = map1[pixel]
#画图
cv2.imshow('dst',gray)
cv2.waitKey(0)
        

7、彩色图像直方图均衡化

#彩色图像直方图均衡化
import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
height = int(img.shape[0])
width = int(img.shape[1])
countB = np.zeros(256,np.float)
countG = np.zeros(256,np.float)
countR = np.zeros(256,np.float)
#1、计算每个通道的直方图纵坐标
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        b,g,r = img[i,j]
        indexB = int(b)
        indexG = int(g)
        indexR = int(r)
        countB[indexB] = countB[indexB]+1 
        countG[indexG] = countG[indexG]+1 
        countR[indexR] = countR[indexR]+1 
for i in range(0,256):
    countB[i] = countB[i]/(height*width)
    countG[i] = countG[i]/(height*width)
    countR[i] = countR[i]/(height*width)
#2、计算每个通道累加概率
sum1  = float(0)
sum2  = float(0)
sum3  = float(0)

for i in range(0,256):
    sum1 = sum1+countB[i]
    countB[i] = sum1
    sum2 = sum2+countG[i]
    countG[i] = sum2
    sum3 = sum3+countR[i]
    countR[i] = sum3
#3、构造映射图
map1 = np.zeros(256,np.uint16)
map2 = np.zeros(256,np.uint16)  
map3 = np.zeros(256,np.uint16)
for i in range(0,256):
    map1[i] = np.uint16(countB[i]*255)
    map2[i] = np.uint16(countG[i]*255)
    map3[i] = np.uint16(countR[i]*255) 
#4、实现映射
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        b,g,r = img[i,j]
        indexB = int(b)
        indexG = int(g)
        indexR = int(r)
        dst[i,j] = (map1[indexB],map2[indexG],map3[indexR])
#5、绘制
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

8、线段绘制

#绘制线条
import cv2
import numpy as np
newImageInfo = (500,500,3)
dst = np.zeros(newImageInfo,np.uint8)
#绘制线条:cv2.line(底板图像信息，起点，终点，宽度，类型)
cv2.line(dst,(100,200),(400,200),(0,0,255),20)
cv2.line(dst,(100,300),(400,300),(255,0,0),20,cv2.LINE_AA)  

#绘制三角形
cv2.line(dst,(200,150),(50,250),(0,255,0),20)
cv2.line(dst,(50,250),(400,380),(0,255,0),20)#起点必须是第一点终点
cv2.line(dst,(400,380),(200,150),(0,255,0),20)#起点必须是第二点终点，终点必须是第一点起点

cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

9、绘制图形

#绘制线条
import cv2
import numpy as np
newImageInfo = (500,500,3)
dst = np.zeros(newImageInfo,np.uint8)
#绘制线条:cv2.line(底板图像信息，起点，终点，宽度，类型)
cv2.line(dst,(100,200),(400,200),(0,0,255),20)
cv2.line(dst,(100,300),(400,300),(255,0,0),20,cv2.LINE_AA)  

#绘制三角形
cv2.line(dst,(200,150),(50,250),(0,255,0),20)
cv2.line(dst,(50,250),(400,380),(0,255,0),20)#起点必须是第一点终点
cv2.line(dst,(400,380),(200,150),(0,255,0),20)#起点必须是第二点终点，终点必须是第一点起点

cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

10、文字图片绘制

#实现图片上写入文字
import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
font = cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
cv2.rectangle(img,(50,200),(100,300),(223,123,44),5)
cv2.putText(img,'this is wangboyun',(100,200),font,1,(212,1,34),4)
cv2.imshow('src',img)
cv2.waitKey(0)

#实现图片上写入文字
import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
font = cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
cv2.rectangle(img,(50,200),(100,300),(223,123,44),5)
cv2.putText(img,'this is wangboyun',(100,200),font,1,(212,1,34),4)
cv2.imshow('src',img)
cv2.waitKey(0)

11、高斯、均值、中值滤波

#高斯滤波：用掩膜扫描某像素点，对该像素点及其邻域像素点值进行加权平均来替换当前点
import cv2
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
cv2.imshow('src',img)
dst = cv2.GaussianBlur(img,(3,3),1.5)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

#均值滤波：使用该像素点周围像素点的均值替换原像素值
import cv2
import cv2
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
cv2.imshow('src',img)
dst = cv2.blur(img,(3,3))
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

#中值滤波：使用该像素点周围像素点的中值替换原像素值
import cv2
import cv2
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
cv2.imshow('src',img)
dst = cv2.medianBlur(img,3)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)