c++primer练习题10.32答案

题目：

重写1.6节中的书店程序，使用一个vector保存交易记录，使用不同算法完成处理。使用 sort 和10.3.1节中的 compareIsbn 函数来排序交易记录，然后使用 find 和 accumulate 求和。

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <iterator>
#include <algorithm>
#include <numeric>
#include "Sales_item.hpp"

using namespace std;


int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    vector<Sales_item>vec;   //保存交易记录
    
    istream_iterator<Sales_item> in(cin),eof;
    
    copy(in, eof, back_inserter(vec));          //录入书籍信息
    stable_sort(vec.begin(), vec.end(), compareIsbn);  //对书籍按书籍编号排序
    
    auto beg = vec.begin(),end = vec.end();
    while(beg!=end) {
        auto temp = beg;
        beg = find_if(beg,end,
                      [temp](const Sales_item &s) {return s.isbn()!=(*temp).isbn();  });   //找到第一个和前一个书籍编号不一样的书籍迭代器
        auto iter = beg - 1;   //temp到iter 即为相同书籍编号的区间
        auto sum = accumulate(temp, iter, *temp);
        cout<<sum<<endl;      //打印该区间书籍销售记录
    }
    return 0;
}

 

Sales_item.hpp

#ifndef Sales_item_hpp
#define Sales_item_hpp

// Definition of Sales_item class and related functions goes here
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

class Sales_item {
    // these declarations are explained section 7.2.1, p. 270
    // and in chapter 14, pages 557, 558, 561
    friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream&, Sales_item&);
    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const Sales_item&);
    friend bool operator<(const Sales_item&, const Sales_item&);
    friend bool
    operator==(const Sales_item&, const Sales_item&);
public:
    // constructors are explained in section 7.1.4, pages 262 - 265
    // default constructor needed to initialize members of built-in type
    Sales_item() = default;
    Sales_item(const std::string &book): bookNo(book) { }
    Sales_item(std::istream &is) { is >> *this; }
public:
    // operations on Sales_item objects
    // member binary operator: left-hand operand bound to implicit this pointer
    Sales_item& operator+=(const Sales_item&);
    
    // operations on Sales_item objects
    std::string isbn() const { return bookNo; }
    double avg_price() const;
    // private members as before
private:
    std::string bookNo;      // implicitly initialized to the empty string
    unsigned units_sold = 0; // explicitly initialized
    double revenue = 0.0;
};

// used in chapter 10
inline
bool compareIsbn(const Sales_item &lhs, const Sales_item &rhs)
{ return lhs.isbn() < rhs.isbn(); }

// nonmember binary operator: must declare a parameter for each operand
Sales_item operator+(const Sales_item&, const Sales_item&);

inline bool
operator==(const Sales_item &lhs, const Sales_item &rhs)
{
    // must be made a friend of Sales_item
    return lhs.units_sold == rhs.units_sold &&
    lhs.revenue == rhs.revenue &&
    lhs.isbn() == rhs.isbn();
}

inline bool
operator!=(const Sales_item &lhs, const Sales_item &rhs)
{
    return !(lhs == rhs); // != defined in terms of operator==
}

// assumes that both objects refer to the same ISBN
Sales_item& Sales_item::operator+=(const Sales_item& rhs)
{
    units_sold += rhs.units_sold;
    revenue += rhs.revenue;
    return *this;
}

// assumes that both objects refer to the same ISBN
Sales_item
operator+(const Sales_item& lhs, const Sales_item& rhs)
{
    Sales_item ret(lhs);  // copy (|lhs|) into a local object that we'll return
    ret += rhs;           // add in the contents of (|rhs|)
    return ret;           // return (|ret|) by value
}

std::istream&
operator>>(std::istream& in, Sales_item& s)
{
    double price;
    in >> s.bookNo >> s.units_sold >> price;
    // check that the inputs succeeded
    if (in)
        s.revenue = s.units_sold * price;
    else
        s = Sales_item();  // input failed: reset object to default state
    return in;
}

std::ostream&
operator<<(std::ostream& out, const Sales_item& s)
{
    out << s.isbn() << " " << s.units_sold << " "
    << s.revenue << " " << s.avg_price();
    return out;
}

double Sales_item::avg_price() const
{
    if (units_sold)
        return revenue/units_sold;
    else
        return 0;
}

#endif /* Sales_item_hpp */