scipy3.0-interpolate-插值-B样条interp1d、外推UnivariateSpline

"""
scipy:B样条插值与外推插值1.0
mayuhuaw
2020.5.14
"""
#适用拟合：可不过原数据点，样本数据量大
#适用插值：必须过原数据点。实验精度高，但实验次数少。

from scipy import interpolate
import numpy as np

#B样条插值
x = np.linspace(0,10,11)  #0-10间等间距取11个点
y = np.sin(x)

f = interpolate.interp1d(x,y,kind='quadratic')
#'zero'为0阶B样条插值（阶梯插值），'linear'1阶B样条插值（线性插值），'quadratic'2阶B样条插值，'cubic'3阶B样条插值

xnew = np.linspace(0,10,100)
ynew = f(xnew)

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.scatter(x,y)
plt.plot(xnew,ynew)
plt.show()

#外推插值
x1 = np.linspace(0,10,11)  #0-10间等间距取11个点
y1 = np.sin(x1)
g = interpolate.UnivariateSpline(x1,y1,k=3,s=0)   #k=3阶。s=0为平滑参数，s>0会不过原数据点

sx1 = np.linspace(0,12,100)  #小范围外推会比较准确
sy1 = g(sx1)

plt.scatter(x1,y1)
plt.plot(sx1,sy1)
plt.show()

#外推插值，例2有噪声的平滑曲线s>0
x2 = np.linspace(0,10,11)  #0-10间等间距取