VC++ 套接字socket

C++ 套接字：
服务端：

1、加载套接字库，创建套接字（WSAStartup()/socket()）;
2、绑定套接字到一个IP地址和一个端口上（bind()）;
3、将套接字设置为监听模式等待连接请求（listen()）；
4、请求到来后，接受连接请求，返回一个新的对应于此次连接的套接字（accept()）；
5、用返回的套接字和客户端进行通信（send()/recv()）；
6、返回，等待另一个连接请求；
7、关闭套接字，关闭加载的套接字库（closesocket()/WSACleanup()）；

#include <cstdio>
#include <winsock2.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    //初始化WSA
    WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
    WSADATA wsaData;
    if (WSAStartup(sockVersion, &wsaData) != 0) {
        return 0;
    }

    //创建套接字
    SOCKET slisten = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
    if (slisten == INVALID_SOCKET) {
        printf("socket error !");
        return 0;
    }

    //绑定IP和端口
    sockaddr_in sin{};
    sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sin.sin_port = htons(8888);
    sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;
    if (bind(slisten, (LPSOCKADDR) &sin, sizeof(sin)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("bind error !");
    }

    //开始监听
    if (listen(slisten, 5) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("listen error !");
        return 0;
    }

    //循环接收数据
    SOCKET sClient;
    sockaddr_in remoteAddr;
    int nAddrlen = sizeof(remoteAddr);
    char revData[255];
    while (true) {
        printf("wait connect...\n");
        sClient = accept(slisten, (SOCKADDR *) &remoteAddr, &nAddrlen);
        if (sClient == INVALID_SOCKET) {
            printf("accept error !");
            continue;
        }
        printf("accept connection：%s \r\n", inet_ntoa(remoteAddr.sin_addr));

        //接收数据
        int ret = recv(sClient, revData, 255, 0);
        if (ret > 0) {
            revData[ret] = 0x00;
            printf(revData);
        }

        //发送数据
        const char *sendData = "hello client！\n";
        send(sClient, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0);
        closesocket(sClient);
    }

    closesocket(slisten);
    WSACleanup();
    return 0;
}

客户端：

1、加载套接字库，创建套接字（WSAStartup()/socket()）；
2、向服务器发出连接请求（connect()）；
3、和服务器进行通信（send()/recv()）；
4、关闭套接字，关闭加载的套接字库（closesocket()/WSACleanup()）；

#include<winsock2.h>
#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>

using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

int main() {
    WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
    WSADATA data;
    if (WSAStartup(sockVersion, &data) != 0) {
        return 0;
    }
    while (true) {
        SOCKET sclient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
        if (sclient == INVALID_SOCKET) {
            printf("invalid socket!");
            return 0;
        }

        sockaddr_in serAddr{};
        serAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
        serAddr.sin_port = htons(8888);
        serAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
        if (connect(sclient, (sockaddr *) &serAddr, sizeof(serAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {  //连接失败 
            printf("connect error !");
            closesocket(sclient);
            return 0;
        }

        string data;
        cin >> data;
        const char *sendData;
        sendData = data.c_str();   //string转const char* 
        //char * sendData = "你好，TCP服务端，我是客户端\n";
        send(sclient, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0);
        //send()用来将数据由指定的socket传给对方主机
        //int send(int s, const void * msg, int len, unsigned int flags)
        //s为已建立好连接的socket，msg指向数据内容，len则为数据长度，参数flags一般设0
        //成功则返回实际传送出去的字符数，失败返回-1，错误原因存于error 

        char recData[255];
        int ret = recv(sclient, recData, 255, 0);
        if (ret > 0) {
            recData[ret] = 0x00;
            printf(recData);
        }
        closesocket(sclient);
    }


    WSACleanup();
    return 0;

}
 

参考：
http://c.biancheng.net/cpp/html/3029.html
https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoquantouer/article/details/58001960