python编程复习系列——week2(Input & Output (2))

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一、多行代码语句

🥞使用反斜杠\来表示在下一行中继续使用一条语句。

subject_code = "CSCI111"
subject_mark = 80
subject_grade = "D"
result = "Subject result: " \
 + subject_code \
 + " mark " + str(subject_mark) \
 + " grade " + subject_grade
print(result)

🍗当语句在括号内时，行延续是自动的

subject_code = "CSCI111"
subject_mark = 80
subject_grade = "D"
print( 
 "Subject result: " 
 + subject_code 
 + " mark " + str(subject_mark) 
 + " grade " + subject_grade 
)

🍔有时，我们应该把一长串代码分解成多行代码，使它更清晰

二、Escape序列

我们如何为这个输出编写程序：
Thursday: “Inside Out”

print("Thursday: \"Inside Out\"")

转义序列含义
\：后间隙（\）
‘：单引号（’）
\“：双引号（”）
\n：新行
\t:选项卡

print("Your details:\n")
print("\tName: \"John Smith\"")
print("\tSN: \"2012345\"")
print("\nEnrolment record:\n")
print("\tMATH101")
print("\tCSCI201")

运行结果如下

Your details:
	
	Name: "John Smith"
	SN: "2012345"
 
Enrolment record:
	MATH101
	CSCI201

三、字符串格式

fname = "John"
lname = "Smith"
age = 20
gpa_score = 3.2
print("Hi {0} {1}!".format(fname, lname))
print("{1} {2} is {0} years old".format(age, fname, lname))
print("His GPA score is {0:.2f}".format(gpa_score))

带对齐的字符串格式
{0:<15} —— 左对齐，使用15个空格
{1:<10} —— 左对齐，使用10个空格
{2: ^25} —— 中心对齐，使用25个空间
{3:>15} —— 右对齐，使用15个空格

print("{0} x {1} = {2}".format(1, 5, 1*5))
print("{0} x {1} = {2}".format(2, 5, 2*5))
print("{0} x {1} = {2}".format(3, 5, 3*5))
print("{0} x {1} = {2}".format(4, 5, 4*5))
print("{0} x {1} = {2}".format(5, 5, 5*5))
print("{0} x {1} = {2}".format(6, 5, 6*5))
print("{0} x {1} = {2}".format(7, 5, 7*5))
print("{0} x {1} = {2}".format(8, 5, 8*5))
print("{0} x {1} = {2}".format(9, 5, 9*5))
print("{0} x {1} = {2}".format(10, 5, 10*5))

print("{0:>2} x {1:>1} = {2:>2}".format(1, 5, 1*5))
print("{0:>2} x {1:>1} = {2:>2}".format(2, 5, 2*5))
print("{0:>2} x {1:>1} = {2:>2}".format(3, 5, 3*5))
print("{0:>2} x {1:>1} = {2:>2}".format(4, 5, 4*5))
print("{0:>2} x {1:>1} = {2:>2}".format(5, 5, 5*5))
print("{0:>2} x {1:>1} = {2:>2}".format(6, 5, 6*5))
print("{0:>2} x {1:>1} = {2:>2}".format(7, 5, 7*5))
print("{0:>2} x {1:>1} = {2:>2}".format(8, 5, 8*5))
print("{0:>2} x {1:>1} = {2:>2}".format(9, 5, 9*5))
print("{0:>2} x {1:>1} = {2:>2}".format(10, 5, 10*5))

四、数值运算

算术运算符

课后作业

一家商店出售的产品售价为10美元，但折扣是3件商品只需要20美元。编写一个程序，要求用户输入他们想要购买的物品的数量。然后，该程序将显示成本。

item_price = 10  # 商品单价
discount_quantity = 3  # 折扣适用的商品数量
discount_price = 20  # 折扣后的价格

# 用户输入购买的物品数量
quantity = int(input("请输入您想购买的物品数量："))

# 计算总成本
if quantity < discount_quantity:
    cost = item_price * quantity  # 不满足折扣条件，按单价计算成本
else:
    # 计算折扣后的商品数量和单价
    discounted_quantity = quantity // discount_quantity * discount_quantity
    remaining_quantity = quantity % discount_quantity
    cost = (discounted_quantity / discount_quantity * discount_price) + (remaining_quantity * item_price)

# 显示成本
print("购买", quantity, "件商品的成本为", cost, "美元。")