异常

常见异常：
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Throwable//异常父类
//通用陷阱在有其他陷阱存在的情况下只能写在后面

一般发生错误的时候，会先找相应的陷阱，如果没有相应的陷阱，那才进入通用陷阱
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try {
           //System.out.println(2/0);//不能被零整除
           //byte[] b=new byte[1024*1024*10000];
       }catch (Exception e){//通用陷阱；只要是Exception的子类全都可以陷进去
           System.out.println("e+"+e);
       }catch (Error e){//通用陷阱只要是Error的子类全都可以陷进去
           System.out.println("e+"+e);
       }catch (Throwable e){//通用陷阱;这个啥都可以陷
           System.out.println("e+"+e);
       }

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System.out.println("1");
        try {//把可能出现的错误写在try里面
            System.out.println("2");
            String s=null;
            System.out.println("3");
            s.toString();
            System.out.println("4");
            int[] num=new int[2];
            System.out.println("5");
            num[2]=100;
            System.out.println("6");
        }catch (NullPointerException e){
            System.out.println("7");
        }catch (ClassCastException e){
            System.out.println("8");
        }catch (ArithmeticException e){
            System.out.println("9");
        }
        System.out.println("10");//打印1 2 3 7 10

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try {
            int [] num=new int[2];
            num[2]=100;
        }catch (NullPointerException e){
            System.out.println(e);
        }catch (ArithmeticException e){
            System.out.println(e);
        }catch (ClassCastException e){
            System.out.println(e);
        }catch (NumberFormatException e){
            System.out.println(e);
        }catch (Exception e){//打印java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 2
            System.out.println(e);
        }

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System.out.println("1");
        try {
            System.out.println("2");
            String s=null;
            s.toString();
            System.out.println("3");
        }catch (NullPointerException e){
            System.out.println("4");
        }catch (Exception e){
            System.out.println("5");
        }
        System.out.println("6");//打印1246

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System.out.println("1");
        try {
            System.out.println("2");
            String s="";
            s.toString();
            System.out.println("3");
            int[] i=new int[2];
            i[2]=23;
        }catch (NullPointerException e){
            System.out.println("4");
        }catch (Exception e){
            System.out.println("5");
        }
        System.out.println("6");//打印12356

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System.out.println("1");
        try {
            try {
                try {
                    System.out.println("2");
                    int[] i=new int[2];
                    i[-1]=12;
                }catch (NullPointerException e){
                    System.out.println("3");
                }
                System.out.println("4");
            }catch (Error e){
                System.out.println("5");
            }
            System.out.println("6");
        }catch (Throwable e){
            System.out.println("7");
        }
        System.out.println("8");//打印1278

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 System.out.println("1");
        try {
            try {
                try {
                    System.out.println("2");
                    int[] i=new int[2];
                    i[-1]=12;
                }catch (NullPointerException e){
                    System.out.println("3");
                }
                System.out.println("4");//如果代码正确了才会执行这条
            }catch (Exception e){
                System.out.println("5");
            }
            System.out.println("6");
        }catch (Throwable e){
            System.out.println("7");
        }
        System.out.println("8");//打印12568

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finally //最终执行快 //一定会执行只能写在catch后面

当错误没有得到解决时，直接抛出

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自定义异常

1、抛出异常以及方法抛异常

//throw 动作抛异常给陷阱
//throws 在方法上声明要抛的异常

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public class Test3 {
    //可能会发生空指针错误
    public static void method() throws NullPointerException,ClassNotFoundException{
       // throw new NullPointerException();
        throw new ClassNotFoundException();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            method();
            throw new NullPointerException();//抛异常
        }catch (NullPointerException e){
            System.out.println("处理"+e);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


        //直接继承Exception 或者Error  他们都得实现try  catch  或者方法抛出
       // RintimeException 是不需要的

        //Exception       会强制要求你处理
        //RintimeException  不会强制要求你处理此异常
    }
}

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package jichu10;
//自定义异常
public class AgeOutException extends RuntimeException {
    public AgeOutException(){}
    public AgeOutException(String message){
        super(message);
    }
}

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package jichu10;

public class Student {
    private int age;

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) throws AgeOutException{
        if (age<=0||age>=150){
            throw new AgeOutException("年龄范围是1至150岁");//抛出异常
        }
        this.age = age;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s=new Student();
        s.setAge(170);
    }
}/*Exception in thread "main" jichu10.AgeOutException: 年龄范围是1至150岁
	at jichu10.Student.setAge(Student.java:12)
	at jichu10.Student.main(Student.java:19)
*/

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package jichu10;

public class Tset4 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            throw new AgeOutException("小年轻");
        }catch (Exception e){
            //System.out.println(e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }//写try  catch的时候最好要就代码
    }
}/*jichu10.AgeOutException: 小年轻
	at jichu10.Tset4.main(Tset4.java:6)

*/