Opencv-学习笔记（四）-证件照背景替换

菜鸟一枚，
这是我的第四个博客，
刚刚入门Opencv,
想将自己的学习过程分享给大家！！！

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>    //Opencv highgui 模块
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>    //Opencv 图像处理头文件

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

Mat src;   //原始图
Mat zoom_out;   //缩小图
Mat sample(Mat &image);   //RGB转化为样本数据

int main()
{
	src = imread("D:/opencv/opencvSRC/people1.jpg");
	if (src.empty())
	{
		printf("could not input image...");
		return -1;
	}

	imshow("原始图", src);
	pyrDown(src, zoom_out, Size(src.cols / 2, src.rows / 2));
	imshow("缩小图", zoom_out);

	Mat points = sample(zoom_out);
	
	//运行KMean
	int numCluster = 3;
	Mat labels;
	Mat centers;
	TermCriteria critera = TermCriteria(TermCriteria::EPS + TermCriteria::COUNT, 10, 0.1);
	kmeans(points, numCluster, labels, critera, 3, KMEANS_PP_CENTERS, centers);

	
	int index = zoom_out.rows * 2 + 2;
	int cindex = labels.at<int>(index, 0);
	int height = zoom_out.rows;
	int width = zoom_out.cols;

	Mat dst;
	zoom_out.copyTo(dst);

	Mat mask = Mat::zeros(zoom_out.size(), CV_8UC1);
	for (int row = 0; row < height; row++)
	{
		for (int col = 0; col < width; col++)
		{
			index = row*width + col;
			int label = labels.at<int>(index, 0);
			if (label == cindex)  //去除背景
			{
				dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = 0;
				dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = 0;
				dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = 0;
				mask.at<uchar>(row, col) = 0;
			}
			else
			{
				mask.at<uchar>(row, col) = 255;
			}
		}
	}
	imshow("mask", mask);
	
	//腐蚀、高斯模糊
	Mat k = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
	dilate(mask, mask, k);
	//imshow("膨胀mask", mask);
	GaussianBlur(mask, mask, Size(3, 3), 0, 0);
	//imshow("高斯mask", mask);

	//通道混合
	Vec3b color;
	color[0] = theRNG().uniform(0, 255);
	color[1] = theRNG().uniform(0, 255);
	color[2] = theRNG().uniform(0, 255);

	Mat result(zoom_out.size(), zoom_out.type());

	double w = 0.0;
	int b = 0, g = 0, r = 0;
	int b1 = 0, g1 = 0, r1 = 0;
	int b2 = 0, g2 = 0, r2 = 0;

	for (int row = 0; row < height; row++)
	{
		for (int col = 0; col < width; col++)
		{
			int m = mask.at<uchar>(row, col);
			if (m == 255)
			{
				result.at<Vec3b>(row, col) = zoom_out.at<Vec3b>(row, col);  //前景
			}
			else if (m == 0)
			{
				result.at<Vec3b>(row, col) = color;   //背景
			}
			else
			{ 
				w = m / 255.0;
				b1 = zoom_out.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0];   //前景
				g1 = zoom_out.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1];
				r1 = zoom_out.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2];

				b2 = color[0];  //背景
				g2 = color[1];
				r2 = color[2];

				b = b1*w + b2*(1.0 - w);
				g = g1*w + g2*(1.0 - w);
				r = r1*w + r2*(1.0 - w);

				result.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = b;
				result.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = g;
				result.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = r;
			}
		}
	}

	imshow("背景替换", result);

	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

Mat sample(Mat &image)
{
	int width = image.cols;
	int height = image.rows;
	int dims = image.channels();

	//初始化定义
	int sampleCount = width*height;
	int clusterCount = 3;
	Mat point(sampleCount, dims, CV_32F, Scalar(10));
	Mat labels;
	Mat centers(clusterCount, 1, point.type());

	//RGB数据转为样本数据
	int index = 0;
	for (int row = 0; row < height; row++)
	{
		for (int col = 0; col < width; col++)
		{
			index = row*width + col;
			Vec3b bgr = image.at<Vec3b>(row, col);
			point.at<float>(index, 0) = static_cast<int>(bgr[0]);
			point.at<float>(index, 1) = static_cast<int>(bgr[1]);
			point.at<float>(index, 2) = static_cast<int>(bgr[2]);
		}
	}
	return point;
}

程序运行结果：

注：样本图片源于百度图片

谢谢同学们的阅读！！！