（超详细）8-YOLOV5改进-添加EMA意力机制

1、在yolov5/models下面新建一个EMA.py文件，在里面放入下面的代码

代码如下：

import torch
from torch import nn

class EMA(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, channels, factor=8):
        super(EMA, self).__init__()
        self.groups = factor
        assert channels // self.groups > 0
        self.softmax = nn.Softmax(-1)
        self.agp = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((1, 1))
        self.pool_h = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((None, 1))
        self.pool_w = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((1, None))
        self.gn = nn.GroupNorm(channels // self.groups, channels // self.groups)
        self.conv1x1 = nn.Conv2d(channels // self.groups, channels // self.groups, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0)
        self.conv3x3 = nn.Conv2d(channels // self.groups, channels // self.groups, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1)

    def forward(self, x):
        b, c, h, w = x.size()
        group_x = x.reshape(b * self.groups, -1, h, w)  # b*g,c//g,h,w
        x_h = self.pool_h(group_x)
        x_w = self.pool_w(group_x).permute(0, 1, 3, 2)
        hw = self.conv1x1(torch.cat([x_h, x_w], dim=2))
        x_h, x_w = torch.split(hw, [h, w], dim=2)
        x1 = self.gn(group_x * x_h.sigmoid() * x_w.permute(0, 1, 3, 2).sigmoid())
        x2 = self.conv3x3(group_x)
        x11 = self.softmax(self.agp(x1).reshape(b * self.groups, -1, 1).permute(0, 2, 1))
        x12 = x2.reshape(b * self.groups, c // self.groups, -1)  # b*g, c//g, hw
        x21 = self.softmax(self.agp(x2).reshape(b * self.groups, -1, 1).permute(0, 2, 1))
        x22 = x1.reshape(b * self.groups, c // self.groups, -1)  # b*g, c//g, hw
        weights = (torch.matmul(x11, x12) + torch.matmul(x21, x22)).reshape(b * self.groups, 1, h, w)
        return (group_x * weights.sigmoid()).reshape(b, c, h, w)

2、找到yolo.py文件，进行更改内容
在29行加一个from models.EMA import EMA, 保存即可

3、找到自己想要更改的yaml文件，我选择的yolov5s.yaml文件(你可以根据自己需求进行选择），将刚刚写好的模块EMA加入到yolov5s.yaml里面，并更改一些内容。更改如下

4、在yolo.py里面加入两行代码（335-337）
保存即可！

运行